International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business Essay

Worldwide Legal and Ethical Issues in Business - Essay Example 113). For example, in the event that the worker decided to introduce the issue to the higher administration, at that point it is normal that the organization would cause misfortunes for item test and review. Be that as it may, the activity would profit clients to prevent from disparaging the faulty items. In the code of morals, it is an employee’s duty to act in proficient way and report quickly to the higher administration about any data the individual in question thinks about wherein the business is legitimately include so it could be given fitting remedial activities. Be that as it may, â€Å"it isn't exceptional practice for lower-level representatives to convey upwards about just those issues which are probably going to engage individuals at more elevated levels (Rashid, 1983, p. 133); along these lines, the worker should introduce first the topic to their next in order especially if the company’s structure is following an upward correspondence by subordinates. Al so, the person isn't at all capable to advise straightforwardly to the company’s CEO and officials about the information on possibly inadequate items that are being offered to the clients until such time that it is assigned to the prompt director. In any case, the representative is unsure about the organization’s moral rules which should be imparted to them to guarantee that they comprehend the company’s qualities and arrangements. Ultimately, he is simply keeping up the government assistance of the organization and simultaneously satisfying his obligations, regarding the higher specialists and keeping up social request. Qualities for experts and workers specifically are not headed for the association alone yet it needs to serve to benefit the general population. * How might you explicitly inform clients of such an event? Fulfilled client contributes higher income development, in this way, it is their entitlement to be told and it is the company’s duty to furnish them with genuine data. On the off chance that the issue is successfully introduced to the top administration, at that point it is the company’s obligation to test and review the item to know the deformities. This procedure is expensive however it could forestall further misfortunes. Likewise, it is one of their moral and social obligations to make sure about the security of their clients as an end-result of their notoriety (Jennings, 2009, p. 511; Shaw, 2010, p. 222). It ought to consider the reality and recurrence of the injury that the item could make to the clients and recall that nature of items ought to be organized first. The client will be advised through an official statement, portraying to them the genuine issue, ensure their wellbeing, and above all, request an expression of remorse. For this situation wherein faulty items are included, it is a necessity that the organization ought to react immediately and productively. It ought to guarantee that the stayi ng deficient items won't arrive at the clients by following them through supportive signs, and setting up following framework for customers’ protests. Through along these lines of keeping the client educated, everything will be unified and simpler to control. * What sort of inner moves would you make to forestall future issues? The worker must characterize the issue obviously and be mindful on all their activities. For example, in the event that the individual in question finds material data that includes the business, the person ought to immediately report this to the

Why Does Tommo Believe He Lives in Charlies Glow Essay Sample free essay sample

Over the previous month I have been perusing and investigating the book private tranquil by Michael morpurgo. It’s an account about a youthful male youngster called Tommo who has a more seasoned sibling Charlie a companion enormous Joe and their female parent. Tommo admires Charlie. they ever pay special mind to one another. Tommo found a closest companion at school called molly and both Charlie and Tommo in a matter of seconds went gaga for her. Later on in the book molly brings forth a darling miss whose male parent is Charlie and Tommo needs to permit out a mystery that has been kept since his male parent despondently went off. In my paper I will make about how Tommo and Charlie’s connections modification during the story. First I am going to focus about Charlie and tommos relationship while they were at school. Tommo admires Charlie on the grounds that Charlie ever pays special mind to Tommo one delineation of this is the point at which they were in the school pace Tommo got in a fight and Charlie dominated and for his punishment him and jemmy pearsons got the stick jemmy continued yelling â€Å"Ow. We will compose a custom exposition test on For what reason Does Tommo Believe He Lives in Charlies Glow? Exposition Sample or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page sir! Ow. sir! Ow. Sir! † yet when it was chalies turn all we hear â€Å"are the whacks. thus the hushes between†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ this is one of the grounds why I have â€Å"the boldest sibling known to mankind. † When Tommo principal met molly he and molly had an extremely solid relationship they despite everything did when Charlie got cordial with her however as molly was two mature ages more seasoned than him and Charlie was more established by three â€Å"they ever ran quicker than I. † And at times I felt like â€Å"they needed to be without me†¦ I was encountering enduring and abandoned† in the blink of an eye this all deteriorated when Tommo discovers Charlie was involved with molly. â€Å"I was so loaded up with choler and sharpness towards him that I neer needed to converse with him again. nor to molly end up like that. † Tommo at this point is likely accepting what might Charlie so that to me? The one chap I admire I can non swear any more drawn out he realizes I love molly so for what reason did he make this? When Tommo and Charlie both did battle they in the blink of an eye drew nearer and closer. Tommo got worn out simple his â€Å"head was swimming. I w as reeling now. non running and grain ready to look after vertical. My dorsum was ablaze with harming. † Of class as more established siblings do Charlie began yelling at Charlie and began expressing things like leave Tommo completely he can’t March with a rifle over his caput he can scarcely walk. Charlie got the punishment he was under anxiety. When Tommo walked off he sang delicately to himself â€Å"what a companion I have in Charlie. † At the terminal of the new Charlie was heading out to travel procure shot by the discharge crew for cowardness as he would not make a trip to the channels with every other person since his sibling hurt himself. Tommo was singing oranges and lemons with Charlie as he got shot. As they left that dull they all said something very similar â€Å"bye Charlie. † He will be miserably missed by everybody. Tommo needs to populate in Charlie’s newness rather than his shadow in light of the fact that a shadow chases after you everyplace and he doesn’t want to be known as the male youngster whos just companion is his more established sibling he needs to resemble Charlie however he needs individuals to admire him as he did to Charlie. By and large I think Tommo and Charlie have a solid relationship and truly love each other no issue what occurs. They began adoring one another and that’s how it finished. By and by I think it’s genuine that Charlie lives in Charlie’s newness since now he’s the 1 who made a guarantee to Charlie to take care of molly. enormous Joe and Dendranthema grandifloruoms so they will admire him like everybody did to Charlie.

Netflix HR Reinvention Magnificent Policies or Monster Movie Madness

Netflix HR Reinvention Magnificent Policies or Monster Movie Madness DID NETFLIX REALLY DISRUPT THE SYSTEM WITH ITS CULTURE DECK?Netflix gorged itself on human resource inspiration leader Patty McCord.That’s what big companies do.They burn you out, eat you up and spit you out.So why the Netflix culture is considered an inspiration to startups, venture capitalists, and human resource management professionals?Let’s not kid ourselves.The Netflix culture wouldn’t be getting as much attention if Netflix wasn’t Netflix. Netflix is admired by onlookers because of its growth and revenue.The 2018 New Year was met with a record-breaking $11 billion in revenue, 6.36 million NEW international memberships, and $217 million in contribution profits.  The company just happened to put out a very bland-looking slideshow that went viral.If the culture deck was just a little slideshow uploaded by a mom and pop business, it would not have gotten attention from anyone except presentation gurus preaching the importance of graphical representation.When you’re a sm all company and decide to do away with expense account limitations while granting employees unlimited vacation time, people will just think you’re crazy.What do you know?You’re just a small company.But when a billion-dollar company starts talking crazy, people listen. (Just ask Richard Branson and Elon Musk.) People are listening to Patty McCord.PATTY MCCORD â€" HR MASTERMINDWould we dissect the human resource policies of a company if it wasn’t a gazillion-dollar company?HR Departments rarely get a glance unless something disruptive, illegal, or significantly profitable is stemming from the department.Yet, HR Departments define and shape the most valuable resources any company could haveâ€"the people.Reed Hastings, CEO and Co-Founder of Netflix, tells audiences people must see the culture when they walk in the door. Patty McCord, Talent Officer at Netflix from 1998-2012, was the lead talent recruiter and culture innovator that helped build the Netflix culture that spits her ou t. Was it Karma? She had hired and fired hundreds of people during her fourteen-year stint.She fired kindly. She peppered in “Life is a journey” and “it will be easy to get a job” sentiments with cheery compliments, a pat on the back, and a walk out the door. “Go be from Netflix!” she would say. Be proud of who you are.  Netflix provided a generous severance package.Then it was her turn.A Clip of Patty’s Netflix TimelinePatty walked into the startup Netflix door early, invited by Reed Hastings from Pure Software. Reed was excited about this new DVD shipping company idea Marc Randolph was working on.In a middle-of-the-night phone call, Reed told Patty he wanted her to be the VP of HR.She was not impressed, but Reed talked her into joining his venture.Fast forward 14 years, Reed was the one to tell Patty it was time to go. She was devasted. Netflix was her life. But she understood. Netflix hires for an objective, her job was done. She received a generous severance packa ge.  (Generous severance packages include stock options.)Patty had told countless employees it was time to “move on,” and now she had to convince herself.Patty had helped the Netflix team through the agonizing DVD startup years stuffing DVDs into envelopes, and she was a key player during the streaming startup excitement and Apple’s introduction of the iPad featuring the Netflix app.She worked closely with executives, computer geeks, and innovators. She loved the continuous startup vibe. That was her thing. She once told Reed she got bored with a company after five years, yet she lasted with Netflix for fourteen years.Interesting challenges retain employees. At the time of Patty’s departure, Netflix was embarking on international strategy journeys and making a foray into original movie productions. New skillsets were needed.Patty’s experience was in startups and hiring skilled computer programmersâ€"she was a Silicon Valley HR expert, not a Hollywood film recruiter.Now, N etflix was focused on talents from the entertainment industry and experience in international markets.Patty McCord had completed her job. Netflix was no longer a struggling startup. The Netflix tech was built. The Netflix culture was built. A system was in place.Her talents were to be packaged and set off on a new journey.Tawni Cranz stepped in as Talent Officer and brought the gift of unlimited maternity leave.   As of 2018, Jessica Neal is at the helm.Patty is now “being from Netflix.” She coaches million-dollar companies, is a respected author and has speaking engagements around the world.She went from helping startups to being a startup. She’s fired up to reinvent HR practices around the world.Continuous Success = Continuous growth in revenue, profits reputation.  â€" Original Netflix Culture Deck, 2009REINVENTING THE FIRE IN HRLong before Patty left Netflix, she had a personal disdain for the word “fire.” Being “fired” makes you think of ammunition and war and pa in.Being fired is perceived as a stain, but, it’s just a step into the future. It is a change for the company and the person. People change. Companies change.As much as Patty hates the word fired, she knows it is necessary to let people go.Success starts with letting the right people IN the door.How you lead people TO the door affects future success.Success is manufactured by letting the right people OUT the door.Does your company fire like Netflix?Does your company follow Netflix firing practices?YesNoAll new hires are promptly told our dismissal policies:We quickly dismiss dishonest employees:We quickly dismiss employees that harass others:We quickly dismiss jerks, even brilliant ones:We asked the manager if they would fight hard to keep this employee:We do not fire loyal employees because of an unusual negative performance:We explain to employees clearly why they were let go:Employees can see our company values based on who stays and who goes:Our values are given reinforcement during the exit interview:We give honest compliments to our employees when it is time for them to move on:We avoid using the word fired:We offer our employees a generous severance package when they are let go:If you’re a startup company, be proactive in designing a hiring and firing system that doesn’t fire up the desire for retaliation. EVERYONE HATES PERFORMANCE REVIEWSLawyers want performance reviews and written policies and processes to protect companies. Netflix rewinds to human nature. People don’t sue if they are not angry and they are treated fairly.Roy Rapoport, the former Netflix engineer at Netflix, aptly described Netflix HR as a department that “maximizes potential goodness” and traditional HR departments as risk mitigators.Patty and Reed hate the word empowerment. They believe people come into the company with power, and bureaucracy strips away that power. If you strip away the bureaucracy, you give your people power.Netflix has a yearly “360 Review.”The review form is a blank text box. It is not used to determine compensation. It is not anonymous. It happens once a year. Everyone in the company is permitted to review anyone in the company, and the employees are adult enough to write constructive reviews to pertinent team members.A former Netflix employee stated that most reviews contained a “Start doing X, Stop doing Y, and Continue doing Z” formula. Is your company form more complicated than a text box?How much company time is wasted on crafting policies, handbooks, contracts, and processes for the small percentage of people that might sue your company?How much time is spent on career development for adults that are capable of developing their own career?High-performance people are generally self-improving.  â€" Original Netflix Culture Deck, 2009Could the time and money spent on policy papers and performance reviews be better spent hiring the right people and offering a generous severance package?Netflix generally offers four months severance pay to provide “moving on” employees with ample support to continue their journey.Excess policies aren’t needed when you hire mature adults capable of making logical decisions. Netflix does not have a clothing policy, and, as they claim in their 2009 culture deck, “no one comes to work naked.”Netflix does not have vacation policies. It’s expected you’ll work when there’s work, and when you need a vacation to refresh, you’ll take that vacation with the company’s best interest in mind.Reed got rid of vacation policies because of the legal requirements for reporting. How much time could you save? Do you trust your employees? Have you hired the right employees?Examine your company. Do you have unnecessary policies?Get a realistic view of policy paperwork:Start with a rough spreadsheet.Create an itemized list of every handbook, policy paper, employee performance review paper, career development paperwork, employee contract, and employee form an emplo yee or manager will have to handle for hiring, performance, and firing. Go through your filing cabinets and computers. Envision the steps and processes. Highlight the forms which are legally mandated by statute.Next, create two columns: one for non-management employees and one for managers.Put the number of times the employee or manager touches each form in a given year in the appropriate cell. (You can make this simple and combine employee and managers to get a rough idea. If you know you’re going to have to present your data, spend time on formulating accurate estimates and break down the analysis by the department.)Create a column for the time spent on each document, including retrieving, reading, discussing, copying, completing, signing, transferring, mailing and refiling.Create a column for the cost to PRODUCE each document, and a column for the cost to DUPLICATE each document.Create a column for average labor hour for non-management and management employees.What is your tota l number of documents? ______How much does it cost to produce all those documents? ________How much does it cost to duplicate all those documents?________How often are those documents used by non-managerial employees? _________How often are those documents used by management? __________What is the average labor hour of a non-managerial employee multiplied by the number of hours spent on those documents plus the cost of duplication? _______________What is the average labor hour of a managerial employee multiplied by the number of hours spent on those documents plus the cost of duplication? _______________What is the average number of years an employee will stay employed at your company? _______In the U.S., an employee stays with a company for a median average of 4.2 years, in the U.K, an employee stays with a company for an average of five years.How much will you spend on policy puffery per employee during the average length of stay?Can this be better spent on a severance package or improved recruiting Services? The excellent companies… keep the corporate staff small.  â€" In Search of Excellence by Thomas J. Peters and Roger H. Waterman, Jr.THE ROLLING BEGINNINGS OF THE ORIGINAL NETFLIX CULTURE DECKThe famed viral culture deck was born out of a carpool conversation between Patty and Reed shortly after the company had to fire 1/3 of the staff. (This was back in the DVD delivery and dotcom bubble burst days.)The two noticed that though work was more challenging, they were happier going to work with the barebones staff.Why?What made it fun?They had to find out more.The first Netflix culture deck was a result of the quest to discover and frame the Netflix culture. It was created as an employee reference and executive guide with 127 slides (sans graphics) back in 2009. The top value was to value values.The Seven Aspects of Culture Playing on Netflix:Values are What We ValueHigh PerformanceFreedom ResponsibilityContext, Not ControlHighly Aligned, Loosely CoupledP ay Top of the MarketPromotions DevelopmentWhat values are valued? The only difference between 2009 and 2018 is the addition of the “inclusion” value, though Reed has no intentions of adding an inclusion rider.The Ten Values of Netflix Culture 2018:JudgmentCommunicationCuriosityCouragePassionSelflessnessInnovationInclusionIntegrityImpactThese ten values are the drivers of Netflix Excellence. Let them sink into your business brain.When Patty and Reed were lightheartedly applying soft analytics to invent the Netflix culture, they found their joy and adrenaline came from working with an excellent team. Their epiphany demanded that excellence is built into the Netflix culture.The search for excellence is nothing new. Tom Peters and Roger Waterman shared in-depth insight on excellence in their 1982 best-seller In Search for Excellence.Peter Drucker talks about excellence in his 1966 version of The Effective Executive.   Netflix did not invent excellence, but they do operate a billion -dollar company that demands excellence from employees.WHAT IS AN EXCELLENT EMPLOYEE? An employee that actively exhibits the ten values of Netflix is an excellent employee. The 2009 culture deck started with “We seek excellence.”The “Real Values” of 2018 are the values Netflix looks for when hiring and retaining employees. They are the defining elements of excellence.Do your employees exhibit the excellence of Netflix?  Would this paraphrased list of Netflix traits describe your employees?Would these Netflix values describe you?Judgment:   You make strategic well-thought-out decisions using data and intuition.Communication: You calmly listen to understand, speak and write with concise articulation, and adapt to ethnic diversity. Feedback to others is timely, candid, and constructive.Curiosity: You seek global understanding and alternate perspectives, eagerly learning rapidly while making connections and contributing outside your specialty.Courage: You search for truth, you question company inconsistencies with values, you don’t suffer from data paralysis, you speak your mind and take smart risks with a willingness to fail.Passion: You inspire others with excellence, you care, and are humbly confident while being tenaciously optimistic.Selflessness: You put the company first, seeking the best ideas while helping others and sharing openly.Innovation: You thrive on change, challenge assumptions, create useful new ideas and solve hard problems by minimizing complexity.Inclusion: You focus on talent and company values while collaborating with people of diverse cultures and backgrounds, embracing differing perspectives. You knowledgeable stand up for the marginalized.Integrity: You admit mistakes, respect others, are authentic, transparent, and non-political. The only words you speak about co-workers are those you would say to their face.Impact: Your coworkers rely on you and improve because of you. You focus on results over process and accomplish amazing amounts of important work.Netflix, like other successful companies, don’t use “average” as a benchmark. They use “excellence” as a benchmark.   They find people that are already excellent, and then they challenge them.The Netflix way of thinking asks: Why waste company time pushing an average person when you can push an excellent person?To hire excellence, you must have the means to attract excellence.   A difficult task for a startup.  Netflix pays top market wages to its salaried employees.  There are many studies on pay as a motivator, but when two job offers have identical benefits, except that one pays more than the other, guess which job an excellent employee will choose?In her Harvard Business Review article, How Netflix Reinvented HR, Patty advises managers and HR professionals to keep abreast of market rates and encourages employees to talk to recruiters so the company can keep the data on hand.The Netflix values for excellence stems from the core belief that p eople come before the process. But Netflix wants to take those people to create a “dream team,” just like a pro sports team.People come before the process, but the business comes first.THE GEEKS AT THE NETFLIX SUPERBOWLNetflixers are made aware the company is operated like a professional sports team and not a family. Netflix wants the highly skilled players, the team players, the people that live and breathe for Netflix but know they may get cut.Slide 24 in the original Netflix culture deck: Slide 24 of the culture deck builds up the ego (you are a pro sports player!) and plays nice with the word “fire” (an obsession of Patty’s) by retagging “fire” as “cut smartly.”In slide 30 the ominous feeling of getting cut is carried on with mentions of a “fixed number of positions” and “precious slots.”Slide 24 of the culture deck builds up the ego (you are a pro sports player!) and plays nice with the word “fire” (an obsession of Patty’s) by retagging “fire” as “cut smartly.” Netflix attempts to downplay the competitive nature of the company in a later slide that states cutthroat behavior is rare and not tolerated.   They hire based on an applicant’s ability to collaborate with others. But, some online reviews state otherwise.Despite the threat of being cut from Netflix, applications keep rolling in. The benefits are extraordinary. Take a vacation whenever you want! Take as much as you want for parental leave! No expense account restraints! Top market pay!The caveat?The company comes first in every decision you make. The company does not exist for the employees, it exists for the customers.Does your company exist for you, your employees, or your customers?Not everyone is happy at Netflix. This isn’t the only review on Glassdoor alluding to the high turnover and expected perfectionism. Chances are slim this software engineer lasted another year. This review is not an anomaly.A disgruntled employee?There are plenty of other similar reviews and declarati ons of frequent firings. It’s worth noting that Netflix does not apply its culture of freedom for salaried employees to hourly employees and a slide states hourly employees have a more structured environment.Hourly employee cultures are subtly referred to as subcultures in Netspeak. If you skim through Glassdoor reviews, you’ll see a number of call center employees complaining about the environment at Netflix.Glassdoor is a friend to Netflix. The CEO of Glassdoor, Robert Hohman, considers Patty McCord an inspiration and mentor. Culture defines companies. It directs employee behavior. It must be put into action to work.The Netflix culture is for adults.The original culture deck makes this clear.The current workplace of Netflix has adults innovating across the world. Adults have freedom at Netflix, and with freedom comes responsibility. Netflix trusts the adults they hire to make good decisions.This trust, which comes with hiring only excellent employees, allows Netflix to reduce bureaucracy. It allows emp loyees to be independent.Is this new? Employees managing themselves? Is this a reinvention of human resources? It is not a new idea. Peter Drucker in his 1978 book Adventures of a Bystander talks about the self-governing plant community.Here’s an excerpt from Adventures of a Bystander, 1999, by Peter Drucker, describing workplace self-government in a manufacturing environment:[A self-governing plant community is] …the assumption of managerial responsibility by the individual employee, the work team, and the employee group alike for the structure of the individual job, for the performance of major tasks, and for the management of such community affairs as shift schedules, vacation schedules, overtime assignments, industrial safety, and, above all, employee benefit.”Of all my work on management and the anatomy of industrial order,I consider my ideas for the self-governing plant community and for the responsible worker to be the most important and most original.  But management has tended to reject these ideas as “encroachment” on their prerogatives.-Peter Drucker, Adventures of a BystanderThe Netflix culture of adult employees taking responsibility for their vacation time and project management is bringing Peter Drucker’s dream alive.Would Netflix’s policies work in an auto manufacturing industry driven by government regulations?Peter Drucker seems to think so.General Motors has been around for 109 years, Ford has been around for 114 years, Toyota for 80 and Honda for 69. Driverless cars are on the road. Netflix is a baby and Patty McCord is just getting started. Organizations are changing.Netflix is adopting intuition engineering and chaos engineering. Spotify organizes teams in “squads” which are core units. Companies are striving for team fluidity to spark innovation.Should you copy Netflix’s culture? Of course not.Your combined characteristics are unique. There are problems with Netflix’s culture.NETFLIX NEEDS A FIXThe fear of not perf orming well enough is real. The fear of getting fired is real. Google has a fix.Make employees feel safe.Focus on Emotional Intelligence.Google started Project Aristotle back in 2012 to study hundreds of Google teams to find out what made the perfect “dream team.”   Google, the masters of search algorithms and patterns, could not detect a pattern.  Abeer Dubey and Julia Rozovsky worked on the project.The researched fifty years of academic research. They intricately examined all variables. Many groups with sharply differentiating attributes were successful.Then the researchers discovered a 1999 study on psychological safety by Amy C. Edmonson, a Harvard Professor.  Julia immediately felt the connection between psychological safety and her discomforting teamwork at Yale. The Google Aristotle team found psychological safety to be a norm.What creates psychological safety?Communication skillsEmpathyNetflix puts a heavy emphasis on communication skills during the hiring process, and like many companies, they have increased collaboration efforts. A 2016 Harvard Business Report, Collaborative Overload, by Rob Cross, Reb Rebele, and Adam Grant, reports manager-employee collaborative events have increased by 50%.The study also reported that 3%-5% of the employees are responsible for a third of value-added collaborations. The study also found these high collaborators had low career satisfaction. Collaboration often steals valuable time from coveted projects, and a sense of non-accomplishment dims the spirit of contentment and joy.Does Netflix put enough emphasis on empathy? Does any company?In Project Aristotle, an experienced team leader had a team that didn’t share much. One day, he opened up about his cancer. Every team member voluntarily shared a story.Not every personal problem can be left at home.  A cancer diagnosis, a breakup, or financial troubles can linger in the minds of employees even when they’re productive.Netflix declares they look for selfless ness, but the self is really Netflix, and Netflix is selfish in a matter-of-fact way in wanting “what’s best for Netflix.”As an employee, you must think about what’s best for you.   Is it best for you to put the company first? With the benefits that Netflix offers, it may be.Netflix isn’t a family, it’s not a professional sports team, it’s a business.  Businesses, families, and professional sports teams have one thing in common.  People.What makes your team great? ___________________________What makes your people great? _________________________Is your company a psychologically safe place to collaborate?Create your own culture deck.Reed Hastings and Patty McCord started with the ‘Why.” Why did they enjoy going to work? Excellence fired them up. Productivity fired them up. Seeing great things happen fired them up. Firing people fired them up.It is a fallacy to think that business must be defined as a sports team or a family. A company does not have to be one or th e other. Happy mediums exist. Outliers exist. Somewhere out there someone is creating a new culture deck.How to Reinvent HR Netflix-Style in 7 StepsAsk yourself why you enjoy work then create a culture deck.Define your communication policies.Make hiring difficult.Make firing easy.Build Excellence.Build Challenges.Make your team lean.Polly McCord is a reasonable rebel. After all, a policy of having no policy is still a policy. Her ideas that seem rebellious are seen in the classics of forwarding business thinking.Netflix may not have reinvented HR, but they have certainly taken the heads of HR teams and business executives and spun them around.  It’s now HR’s job to build a new corporate culture and spin the heads of managers and executives.Patty McCord has marvelous advice on HR innovation.Netflix has some magnificent policies and a little monster madness.But doesn’t every business?Don’t limit your innovation to products and services, innovate HR. It’s the action needed t o reel your company into an amazing success.

Eating Abnormalities A Disease or Disorder - 1087 Words

Eating Abnormalities: A Disease or Disorder? Did you know millions of people are affected by eating disorders? Well if you did not know, eating disorders are a mental illness and a physical illness in one. There are many young people struggling in the world with these disorders. â€Å"Statistics show that twenty-four million people of all ages and gender are suffering from eating disorders; 47% of girls want to lose weight because of media, but they fail to consider the number of eating disorders that comes from other aspects in life† (Renfew Center Foundation ANAD) Based on cast studies and articles there are a lot of things that contributes to eating disorders including abuse, peer pressure, media and depression. Eating disorders are also very dangerous and harmful to your body. Eating Disorders Eating disorders is an illness that causes disturbances to your everyday food plan. This disorder can come from overeating or eating extremely small amounts of food over time. Eating disorders usually starts in teen years no later than late twenties. There are many causes to eating disorders but the major ones are peer pressure and depression. There are many different types of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorders. Anybody can have any eating disorder but usually it teen’s age thirteen to twenty that develop eating disorders. The number of pre-teen children treated in hospital for eating disorders has tripled in four years,Show MoreRelatedMajor Risk Factors for the Development of Anorexia Nervosa1280 Words   |  6 PagesAnorexia Nervosa is an aggressive eating disorder inflicting people indiscriminately around the globe. It occurs primarily among females with onset generally occurring in early to late adoles cence, often resulting in death. Anorexia nervosa is characterised by an individuals refusal to maintain a healthy weight, intense fear of weight gain and a distorted body image. 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A mutation of the thymidine phosphorylase causes MNGIE and lowers the production of adenosine triphosphate production. To begin, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy disease is related to adenosine triphosphate because it lowers the production

Post Colonial Literature Essay - 1017 Words

Post colonial’ as we define it does not mean ‘post-independence’, or ‘after colonialism’, for this would be falsely ascribe an end to the colonial process. Post-colonialism, rather, begins from the very first moment of colonial contact. It is the discourse of oppositinality which colonialism brings into being† (pL.117) The term post colonial is resonant with all the doubts and complexities of the various cultural experiences it involves. It also addresses all aspects of the colonial process from the beginning of the colonial contact. These aspects involve the development of internal divisions based on racial, linguistic or religious discriminations and the continuing unequal treatment of indigenous people in settler/invader societies.†¦show more content†¦A very good example of this case is a drama No sugar. No Sugar by Jack Davis’ is a play that shows Aboriginal family’s experience from an Aboriginal point of view. Being a part of an Aboriginal family Davis knows the problems and sufferings of Aboriginal families. No Sugar is based on Millimurra family’s stand against government pseudo-protection and their struggle to survive during the late 1920’s and early 1930’s depression in Australia. Davis locates his play during the Moore River Native Settlement, where four hundred people, whose only crime was to be Aborigine, were forced into a compound suitable for two hundred people. Historical evidence reveals that the compound was fenced and policed. Furthermore, children and adults were not allowed to associate, even in the dining room, and children’s dormitories were locked and bolted from the outside at six o’clock in the evening during summer.(11) Davis sets his drama in the settlement but outside the compound in order to explore family ti es. Though history permeates his drama, Davis focuses on the effects of colonization on a family including their internal relationships and their struggle to live vital lives in a hostile world which makes his family a paradigm of post colonial. The Millimurra family is forced by the Americans to leave their home and is taken to the Moore River Settlement. They are allowed toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures4270 Words   |  18 PagesTheory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures Introduction More than three-quarters of the people living in the world today have had their lives shaped by the experience of colonialism. It is easy to see how important this has been in the political and economic spheres, but its general influence on the perceptual frameworks of contemporary peoples is often less evident. Literature offers one of the most important ways in which these new perceptions are expressed and it is in theirRead MoreWhat Is The Theme Of Silence In Post-Colonial Literature1948 Words   |  8 Pages ‘Silence’ is a recurring theme in post-colonial literature. It is a form of communication. It is a notable concept in Literature that attracts many readers. Not all silences sound same. The expression of silence reveals different meaning s to different persons on different situations. Silence arising in the midst of a conversation can sometimes be comfortable and meaningful, whereas in other situations they remain as an obstacle between the communicators. 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Us Gaap and Ifrs Difference in Income Statement Free Essays

Income Statement Income statements present an ordered list, grouped by broad categories of revenues and expenses. The income statement begins with revenues followed by a list of expenses. U. We will write a custom essay sample on Us Gaap and Ifrs Difference in Income Statement or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. GAAP and IFRS requirements for the presentation of income statements are similar, with some important differences. *Other than separating revenues from expenses, U. S. GAAP provides little guidance about which items the firm must separately display or their order. IFRS requires, at a minimum, the separate display of revenues, financing costs (for example, interest expense), income tax expense, profit or loss for the period, and certain other items. *Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS require the separate display of items whose size, nature, or frequency of occurrence make such separate display necessary for accurately portraying performance. *Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS require separate display of items related to discontinued operations, a topic discussed in Chapter 14. *IFRS requires separate display of the portion of profit or loss attributable to the minor- ity (noncontrolling) interest and the portion attributable to the parent entity, a topic dis- cussed in more detail in Chapter 13. U. S. GAAP contains a similar requirement starting in 2009 for most firms. IFRS permits firms to present expenses by either nature or function; although U. S. GAAP is silent on this issue, guidance from the Securities and Exchange Commission requires registrants to classify expenses by function. 4 REVENUE RECOGNITION Revenue recognition refers to the timing and measurement of revenues. Management applies the revenue recognition criteria of authoritative guidance to decide whether a given transac- tion meets the criteria and so results in recording revenues (and the related expenses). Reve- nue recognition is among the most complex issues in financial reporting. As of the writing of this textbook, U. S. GAAP contains over 200 pieces of authoritative guidance for recognizing revenues. The quantity and complexity of this guidance result from several factors. First, mis- reporting of revenues (either reporting revenues before the firm earns them or reporting non- existent revenues) is the most common form of discovered accounting fraud. 9 Second, firms often bundle products and services and sell them in multiple-element arrangements, and each element of the arrangement has the potential to result in revenue recognition. An example of a multiple-element arrangement is the sale of a machine with an extended five-year war- ranty, installation services, training for employees to learn how to operate the machine, and software upgrades as they become available. This bundled arrangement can contain five or more elements, delivered at different times, but with a single sales price. The selling firm faces difficult recognition and measurement issues in deciding (1 ) whether a given element of the arrangement has separable revenues, and (2) when, and in what amounts, to recognize rev- enues for the separate elements of the arrangement. CRITERIA FOR REVENUE RECOGNITION As a general principle, under the accrual basis of accounting, the firm recognizes revenue when the transaction meets both of the following conditions: 1 . Completion of the earnings process. The seller has done all (or nearly all) that it has prom- ised to do for the customer. That is, the seller has delivered all (or nearly all) of the goods and services it has agreed to provide. 2. Receipt of assets from the customer. The seller has received cash or some other asset that it can convert to cash, for example, by collecting an account receivable. The first criterion focuses on the seller’s performance. Firms recognize revenues from many sales of goods and services at the time of sale (delivery) because that is often the point of completion of the earnings process, in the sense that the seller has transferred the promised goods to the customer or has performed the promised services. Even if some items remain unperformed (for example, promises to provide warranty services and promises to accept cus- tomer returns), the seller can recognize revenues as long as the unperformed items are not too great a portion of the total arrangement with the customer, and the seller can easonably measure the cost of the unperformed items. 11 The second criterion for revenue recognition focuses on measuring the amount of cash the seller will ultimately receive. The exchange price between the customer (buyer) and seller represents the assets exchanged by the customer for goods and services, and provides the ini- tial measure of revenue. How to cite Us Gaap and Ifrs Difference in Income Statement, Essay examples

The Conflict In Kashmir Essays - Kashmir Conflict, Kashmir

The Conflict In Kashmir The conflict over Kashmir Kashmir is located in the heart of south-central Asia and shares borders with Afghanistan, China, Pakistan and India. It has a population of 13 million of which 64% is Muslim. The official language is Urdu, Kashmiri is mostly spoken and other regional languages widely spoken are Dogri, Hindi, Dardi, Pahari en English. Kashmir is a land of breath taking scenery and a glorious climate. The Kashmir valley is surrounded by the Himalayan Mountains that used to guard it from the outer world. It has been described as ? an emerald set in pearls, a land of lakes, clear streams, green turf and magnificent trees and mighty mountains?. Kashmir established itself as an agricultural economy. It's a country that has been noted for its abundance, and is rich in minerals such as limestone and marble. A mere 27% of the population is literate (according to a 1981 census) and the majority is working in the agriculture, mining and manufacturing section. Kashmir's history can be traced back as early as the second century when it was part of the Kushan Empire under control of Kanishka, and later part of China. After years of Buddhist and Hindu rule, Kashmir was converted to Islam in the late 14th century and became part of the Mogul Empire in 1586. The British installed a Hindu prince as ruler in 1846. The Muslim and Hindu peoples of Kashmir have lived in relative harmony and friendliness since the 13th century when Islam first became the majority religion of Kashmir. Occasionally however, there have been rulers and leaders who have had a narrow view of Islam, and have subjected Hindu minorities to great cruelties and discrimination. The current armed secessionist movement in Kashmir mostly derives inspiration from these people. In 1947 the British gave up their dominant rule over India. The new republics of Pakistan and India were now in competition for control over Kashmir with occasional interference by China. In this conflict one third of Kashmir went under Pakistan control as Azad (?free?) Kashmir. The other two thirds form the Indian states Jammu and Kashmir including the valley of Kashmir (almost all of it Muslim), Jammu (mostly Hindu) and Ladakh (mostly Buddhist). In the late 1980's unrest grew in Indian Kashmir as Muslim militants, some supporting independence and others union with Pakistan, resorted to gorilla attacks. But in 1990 the region was placed under the rule of the army who has often used brutal measures to maintain Indian rule. The present secessionist drive in Kashmir has its background in the dissatisfaction of a small section of Kashmiris (mostly political opponents of the Sheik). The objective of this ethnic cleansing was to create a minority free Kashmir valley where the goal or Izlamination could easily be forced on the ordinary people. Havoc has been created by targeting innocent civilians. More than 70 000 Kashmiris (mostly unarmed) have been killed since 1989 and more than 175 000 have been made homeless through deliberate actions of arson and wanton destruction. A Doda Police Superintendent Ahmed Khan said in the US News ?Most of the militants that have been captured are foreign to the area: Punjabi's, Phuktuns, and even Arabs, most of them battle hardened by wars in Afghanistan. Kashmir's violence has its roots in issues far larger than Kashmir.? Bill Clinton has been in meetings with Pakistan Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to try and find a solution and way out. Clinton promised a personal interest in a long-term settlement and Sharif said he will take steps in withdrawing the fighters, but no action has been taken so far. Pakistan denies any direct link to the infiltrators, calling them ? freedom fighters beyond government control?. Indian and Western analysts reject this description. Even before the Pakistan premier returned home, he said that the ?steps? would consist of asking the militants to leave and even this would depend on concession from India. The guerillas said nothing would persuade them to go home. India and Pakistan has been to war twice, and it is ongoing. They are destroying the people, culture and beauty of Kashmir and the world community has done very little so far to bring an end to this sad

The Womans Bible and Elizabeth Cady Stanton on Genesis

The Woman's Bible and Elizabeth Cady Stanton on Genesis In 1895, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and a committee of other women published The Womans Bible. In 1888, the Church of England published its Revised Version of the Bible, the first major revision in English since the Authorized Version of 1611, better known as the King James Bible. Dissatisfied with the translation and with the failure of the committee to consult with or include Biblical scholar Julia Smith, the reviewing committee published their comments on the Bible. Their intent was to highlight the small part of the Bible that focused on women, as well as to correct Biblical interpretation which they believed was biased unfairly against women. The committee did not consist of trained Biblical scholars, but rather interested women who took both Biblical study and womens rights seriously. Their individual commentaries, usually a few paragraphs about a group of related verses, were published though they did not always agree with one another, nor did they write with the same level of scholarship or writing skill. The commentary is less valuable as strictly academic Biblical scholarship, but far more valuable as it reflected the thought of many women (and men) of the time towards religion and the Bible. It probably goes without saying that the book met with considerable criticism for its liberal view on the Bible. An Excerpt Heres one small excerpt from The Womans Bible. [from: The Womans Bible, 1895/1898, Chapter II: Comments on Genesis, pp. 20-21.] As the account of the creation in the first chapter is in harmony with science, common sense, and the experience of mankind in natural laws, the inquiry naturally arises, why should there be two contradictory accounts in the same book, of the same event? It is fair to infer that the second version, which is found in some form in the different religions of all nations, is a mere allegory, symbolizing some mysterious conception of a highly imaginative editor. The first account dignifies woman as an important factor in the creation, equal in power and glory with man. The second makes her a mere afterthought. The world in good running order without her. The only reason for her advent being the solitude of man. There is something sublime in bringing order out of chaos; light out of darkness; giving each planet its place in the solar system; oceans and lands their limits; wholly inconsistent with a petty surgical operation, to find material for the mother of the, race. It is on this allegory that all the enemies of women rest, their battering rams, to prove her. inferiority. Accepting the view that man was prior in the creation, some Scriptural writers say that as the woman was of the man, therefore, her position should be one of subjection. Grant it, then as the historical fact is reversed in our day, and the man is now of the woman, shall his place be one of subjection? The equal position declared in the first account must prove more satisfactory to both sexes; created alike in the image of God -The Heavenly Mother and Father. Thus, the Old Testament, in the beginning, proclaims the simultaneous creation of man and woman, the eternity and equality of sex; and the New Testament echoes back through the centuries the individual sovereignty of woman growing out of this natural fact. Paul, in speaking of equality as the very soul and essence of Christianity, said, There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female; for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. With this recognition of the feminine element in the Godhead in the Old Testament, and this declaration of the equality of the sexes in the New, we may well wonder at the contemptible status woman occupies in the Christian Church of to-day. All the commentators and publicists writing on womans position, go through an immense amount of fine-spun metaphysical speculations, to prove her subordination in harmony with the Creators original design. It is evident that some wily writer, seeing the perfect equality of man and woman in the first chapter, felt it important for the dignity and dominion of man to effect womans subordination in some way. To do this a spirit of evil must be introduced, which at once proved itself stronger than the spirit of good, and mans supremacy was based on the downfall of all that had just been pronounced very good. This spirit of evil evidently existed before the supposed fall of man, hence woman was not the origin of sin as so often asserted. E. C. S.

The Definition of Falling Action in Literature

The Definition of Falling Action in Literature The falling action in a work of literature is the sequence of events that follow the climax and end in the resolution. The falling action is the opposite of the rising action, which leads up to the plots climax. Examples of Falling Action in Literature There are many examples of falling action in literature because almost every story or plot requires a falling action to reach a resolution. Most storylines, whether in a memoir, novel, play, or movie have a  falling action that  helps  the plot progress toward its end. If you see some titles here that you recognize, but havent read them yet, then beware! These examples contain spoilers.   Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone In Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, by J.K. Rowling, the falling action occurs after the climax of Professor Snapes apparent hex upon Harry during the Quidditch match. Harry, Ron, and Hermione learn about the Sorcerers Stone, then Voldemort attacks Harry in the Forbidden Forest, and Harry faces Professor Quirrell and Voldemort. Little Red Riding Hood Another example of falling action can be found in the folk tale  Little Red Riding Hood. The story reaches its climax when the wolf announces that he will eat the young protagonist. The series of events that happen after this conflict to lead to the resolution are the falling actions. In this case, Little Red Riding Hood screams out, and woodcutters from the forest come running to the grandmothers cottage. The story isnt yet resolved, but these falling actions are leading to its resolve.   Romeo and Juliet   A final example is slightly less obvious, depicted in the classic play  Romeo and Juliet  by William Shakespeare. After the climactic moment in the play, following the point when Romeo kills Tybalt, the falling action indicates that the plot is headed toward a sad, but unavoidable, resolution. Juliets feelings are confused between her love for her new secret husband, who is banished from Verona and mourning her beloved cousin who just died by Romeos hand. The combination of confused emotion and distance ends up strengthening  the couples assumption that they can never be in a relationship that is approved by their families.

Professional Accountant assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Professional Accountant assignment - Essay Example The method is highly structured, punitive and paternal. The intention of the Act is to ascertain that the process of financial reporting is done effectively. It also seeks to reorient accountants back to ethical ways. Furthermore, the approach focuses on maintaining corporate governance at the top. A principles-based approach is the domain of the UK. The Cadbury report defines the UK’s method of corporate governance. It states that corporate governance is a mechanism for directing and controlling companies (Cadbury, 1992). This document was later followed by others like the Combined Code. In essence, all these reports seek to place corporate governance responsibilities in the hands of company boards. An institution must alter corporate governance issues in accordance with their context. Furthermore, individuals are expected to make their choices known to their shareholders. Therefore, in the rules-based approach, as practiced in the United States, parties answer to external bo dies while in the principles-based approach, institutions answer to their shareholders (Tricker, 2008). While the United Kingdom places the responsibility of oversight on individual firms, the United States has an accounting oversight board which acts independently and ensures compliance. The US even has rules governing how the external auditor needs to behave. Conflict of interest is prohibited while appointment of new auditors is done under strict rules. The manner in which those audit reports are reported is also stipulated in law. Financial reporting is strictly enforced in the rules-based approach. Here, almost all parties have responsibilities under the law. Executive members must ensure accuracy and promptness of financial reports. Managers need to create internal controls for reporting while accountants must act honestly when reporting. Cases of alteration, falsification or concealment of information are all severely punished. In certain respects, punishment may be instituti on-wide. Here companies that do not ascribe to rules laid down by the Securities Exchange Commission will be delisted (SEC, 2003). Conversely in the United Kingdom, after a board has settled on a particular principle, it must comply with it or explain to its shareholders why it has not done so. Usually, the principles selected may emanate from the Cadbury Report, the Combined Code or general governance practice. The main reasoning behind this strategy is that corporate governance is not something to be policed. Instead, it should be done proactively by businesses. This demonstrates faith in organisations and their ability to practice these principles. The most glaring difference between these two systems is that in one punishment is clear. It is handled by specific bodies and the process by which oversight authorities come up with those punishments is well documented. These consequences also happen speedily, especially after non compliance in the US. Conversely, the effects of poor corporate governance are ambiguous in the principles-based approach. It is assumed that exposure of these unhealthy practices would damage the credibility of an organisation and hence its long term viability. Therefore, results may manifest after relatively long periods of time, and may not always be predictable. One key failure in the rules-based system is the tendency to establish very low standards of practice (McNamara & Banff, 2012). In order to ensure that members of the corporate community abide by rules in the US governance system, members have to agree on certain standards. In an effort to obtain consensus, these standards may be too low for concerned

U05a1 and u05a2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

U05a1 and u05a2 - Essay Example 2. Why is Jupiter so much more dense than Saturn? Could a planet be smaller in size than Jupiter but greater in mass? Explain. Ans: Jupiter is closer to sun and has over 3 times more than the mass of Saturn. Jupiter is denser than that of Saturn because of two factors. They are (i). Jupiter has relatively larger gravitation field because of its mass and rotational pressures. (ii). Jupiter has denser core of rocks and other minerals. Jupiter has heavy metals in its interior. Hence it is denser than that of Saturn. Yes. There could be a planet smaller in size but greater in mass than that of Jupiter. Because Jupiter is mainly made up of gas, hence any planet slightly smaller in size but made of solid material would have more mass than Jupiter. And also building a planet with Hydrogen and Helium is like assembling the fluffy pillows one over the other. As the pillows are stacked one above the other the pillows at the bottom are compressed and hence their mutual gravitational force incre ases. Hence it slightly increases in its height as and when the stack size is increased but gets denser. Therefore the extra mass increases the density of the planet but smaller change in mass. 4. Why does Jupiter have such a strong magnetic field? Describe a few features of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. ... Jupiter’s magnetosphere traps far more charged particles than Earth’s magnetosphere. These particles contribute to auroras and also create belts of very intense radiation around Jupiter. This is so strong that it could damage the orbiting spacecraft. Jupiter’s magnetic field creates a magnetosphere that surrounds the planet as a shield which protects the planet from the solar wind. 6. Briefly describe Jupiter’s weather patterns and contrast them with those on the other jovian planets. What is the Great Red Spot? Ans: Jupiter’s atmosphere has several gases that condense to form clouds. Each of these gases condenses at a different temperature, leading to distinctive cloud layers at different altitudes. Jupiter has primarily three different cloud layers and Jupiter’s atmosphere is colder at higher altitudes. About 100 kilometers below the highest cloudtops, the temperatures are nearly earth-like And water can condense to form clouds. Higher up, the water clouds it is cold enough for a gas called ammonium hydrosulfide to condense into clouds which produces the dark colours of Jupiter. Higher still the temperature is so cold that ammonia condenses to make an upper layer of white clouds. Like the large hurricanes occasionally arise on Earth, Jupiter also has powerful storms. Spectroscopic observations (analysis of light) + calculations explains about the composition of clouds as follows: Ammonia (NH3) crystals in top layer. Ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4SH) crystals in middle layer. Water ice in lowest layer. The colors seem to be associated with temperature. White "zones" are higher and cooler. Dark "bands" are lower and warmer. Comparison with other atmosphere planets: Jupiter and Saturn have stripes of alternating color and wind direction. But Saturn's

Oscar Mayer Essay -- essays research papers

Problem: One of the key issues faced by McGraw is that there is a large gap between his projections for next year, and what the manager’s are promising him . His goal is to obtain a 15% increase in the operating income from his division (OM, LR and NP). The managers are projecting a decrease of 5.2% from the current year. In absolute terms there is a gap of $27 MM in the projected divisions operating income. If McGraw were to keep his A&P budget the same as last years, he would save $32MM over the managers’ projections. Therefore, one solution could be to effectively use the strengths of the product lines and the A&P dollars by consolidating his sub-divisions. Analysis: Comparing the contributions and costs of the three product lines OM, LR and NP as a percentage of the total division’s numbers for the three years can give a detailed picture on the successes and failures of each sub-division, their strengths and weaknesses. This exercise lets us determine what percent of the divisions’ A&P budget is dedicated to Oscar Mayer vs. what percent of the divisions operating income comes from OM vs. LR. Louis Rich Brand Strengths are growing market segment, â€Å"health conscious† segment contributing to the rise in the operating income exponentially. However, a 33% of division’s advertising and promotional budget is being consumed for a 24% of total revenue or 14% of division’s operating income. While contribution to operating income is exponential, it is still less than 1/4th of the total divisions operating income. Oscar Mayer Brand Oscar Mayer brand has been developed over 100 years. It has a strong brand name, brand equity associated with it. It has established marketing and distribution channels. The numbers show a decline in the operating income of 18% over 3 years in part this may be due to a decrease in percentage of division’s A&P expenses directed towards OM brand. There is a question as to whether LR brand is cannibalizing OM brand. New Product Stuff’ n Burger numbers shows that a proportionately large spending on A&P is still generating no operating income. It is in the red. This points out the difficulty and expense involved in developing new brand or products. One of the key questions to ask is if the Louis Rich Brand is eating away into the Oscar Mayer’s market share? The two tables below show a decrease in the Oscar ... ...eat Oscar Mayer products. The tag line can say Oscar Mayer: offering choice and variety, fun and relaxation. Extend Product line This would require the company to reposition Louis Rich brand under Oscar Mayer Brand, without loosing its target audience, the health conscious group. (Both division can leverage off of the well reputed brand name Oscar Mayer.) Introduce repackaging, ready to eat lunches – including red and white meat variation. The focus here would be convenience for working people and enjoyable for kids. Pricing Strategy Running a sales promotion offering two for one package deals. Can sell white meat products via vending machines at health clubs and give free Samples to women. Cutting price of Oscar Mayer products in order to gain more market share and become more in line with the market competition. Products from Oscar Mayer and Louis Rich under the Oscar Mayer umbrella would need to be priced competitively with products from Smithfield, Ball Park, Hillshire Farms, Butchers, Tyson, Carl Budding and Kellogg’s etc. Russell Winer. Marketing Management 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, 2004. ISBN 0131405470. Custom Business Resources. Prentice Hall, 2005. ISBN 0536921288.

Comparative Study on Consumption Patterns of Soft Drinks and Fruit Juices Essay

A drink, or beverage, is a liquid specifically prepared for human consumption. In addition to basic needs, beverages form part of the culture of human society. or any liquid suitable for drinking; â€Å"may I take your beverage order? † or A liquid to consume, usually excluding water; a drink. This may include tea, coffee, liquor, beer, milk, or soft drinks Types of beverage The various types of beverage are: †¢Alcoholic beverages †¢Non-Alcohol beverages †¢Soft drinks †¢Fruit juice †¢Hot beverages †¢Other 1. Alcoholic beverages. An alcoholic beverage is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although in chemistry the definition of an alcohol includes many other compounds. Alcoholic beverages, such as wine, beer, and liquor have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years. 2. Non-alcohol beverages Non-alcoholic beverages are drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine but are made with less than . 5 percent alcohol by volume. The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcohol zed wines. Non-alcoholic variants: †¢Low alcohol beer †¢Non-alcoholic wine †¢Sparkling cider 3. Soft drinks The name â€Å"soft drink† specifies a lack of alcohol by way of contrast to the term â€Å"hard drink† and the term â€Å"drink†, the latter of which is nominally neutral but often carries connotations of alcoholic content. Beverages like colas, sparkling water, iced tea, lemonade, squash, and fruit are among the most common types of soft drinks, while hot chocolate, hot tea, coffee, milk, tap water, alcohol, and milkshakes do not fall into this classification. Many carbonated soft drinks are optionally available in versions sweetened with sugars or with non-caloric sweeteners. 4. Fruit juice Juice is a liquid naturally contained in fruit or vegetable tissue. Juice is prepared by mechanically squeezing or macerating fresh fruits or vegetables without the application of heat or solvents. For example,orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree. Juice may be prepared in the home from fresh fruits and vegetables using variety of hand or electric juicers. Many commercial juices are filtered to remove fiber or pulp, but high pulp fresh orange juice is a popular beverage. Juice may be marketed inconcentrate form, sometimes frozen, requiring the user to add water to reconstitute the liquid back to its â€Å"original state† 5. Hot beverages Hot beverages, including infusions. Sometimes drunk chilled. ?Coffee-based beverages ?Cappuccino ?Coffee ?Espresso ?Cafe au lait ?Frappe ?Flavored coffees (mocha etc. ) ?Latte ?Hot chocolate ?Hot cider ?Mulled cider ?Tea-based beverages ?Flavored teas (chai etc. ) ?Green tea? Pearl milk tea ?Tea ?Herbal teas ?Yerba Mate ?Roasted grain beverages ?Sanka 6. Other Some substances may either be called food or drink, and accordingly be eaten with a spoon or drunk, depending on solid ingredients in it and on how thick it is, and on preference: †¢Soup †¢Yogurt OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY The beverage market is worth $55 billion worldwide. The tides are turning for many beverage categories. While the carbonated soft drink and beer categories are merely treading water with flat sales, the energy drink category is surging ahead like never before. Bottled water, ready-to-drink coffee, ready-to-drink tea and sports drinks follow close behind with substantial sales increase- drinks without added sugar, no beer, along with developments in juice drinks and dairy-based drinks, are helping to turn around sales in these categories. What follows is a category-by-category look at the state of the beverage industry, including the top brands, new products, innovations and future trendsetters. In order to be successful in the marketplace, one has to think in terms of health innovation, flavor innovation, ingredient innovation and specific age groups. These are the factors that will shape the future of the beverage industry. â€Å"Today’s consumers are concerned with overall health and wellness. As a result, there is significant impact on food and beverage purchases. Many studies have shown that consumers are as concerned with good health as they are about maintaining a high quality of life. † Do you know what type of new beverage consumers are most likely to try? Do you know where they are most likely to pick those products up? Do you know why? Beverage Industry wanted to know the answers to these questions and to delve deeper into the ever-increasing number of new product launches in the beverage market. â€Å"The soft drink industry is training people to seek out new products, even the big guys are coming out with limited-edition flavors, and consumers are beginning to see that there is more flavor activity going on in the category. Whether that really nets anybody any sales gains is another thing, but it is teaching consumers to seek out and try new products. It’s also trying to create some excitement there. † In spite of several challenges and restrictions faced by this industry, it is a ‘roll’ like never before. Customer preferences may have shifted, but they are still always on the look out for a can of ‘coke’ or a new ‘flavored’ drink to quench their thirst. INDIAN BEVERAGE MARKET The size of the Indian food processing industry is around $ 65. 6 billion, including $20. 6 billion of value added products. Of this, the health beverage industry is valued at $230 million; bread and biscuits at $1. 7 billion; chocolates at $73 million and ice creams at $188 million. The size of the semi-processed/ready-to-eat food segment is over $1. 1 billion. Large biscuits & confectionery units, Soya processing units and starch/glucose/sorbitol producing units have also come up, catering to domestic and international markets. The three largest consumed categories of packaged foods are packed tea, biscuits and soft drinks. The Indian beverage industry faces over supply in segments like coffee and tea. However, more than half of this is available in unpacked or loose form. Indian hot beverage market is a tea dominant market. Consumers in different parts of the country have heterogeneous tastes. Dust tea is popular in southern India, while loose tea in preferred in western India. The urban-rural split of the tea market was 51:49 in 2000. Coffee is consumed largely in the southern states. The size of the total packaged coffee market is 19,600 tones or $87 million. The total soft drink (carbonated beverages and juices) market is estimated at 284 million crates a year or $1 billion. The market is highly seasonal in nature with consumption varying from 25 million crates per month during peak season to 15 million during off-season. The market is predominantly urban with 25 per cent contribution from rural areas. Coca cola and Pepsi dominate the Indian soft drinks market. Mineral water market in India is a 65 million crates ($50 million) industry. On an average, the monthly consumption is estimated at 4. 9 million crates, which increases to 5. 2 million during peak season. RECENT ISSUES 1. Xtazy, another energy drink for the Indian market The Indian market for energy drinks was estimated recently to have a size of Rs 500 crore, about 90 million Euros. The market which is so far dominated by Red Bull, is attracting various new players which want to get a share in a growing business. One of the aspirants is Xtazy, an energy drink from the US. â€Å"Xtazy is the forth largest energy drink inthe US†, says Rohan Malhotra, Managing Director of R. M. Indian Liquor Pvt. Ltd. , the exclusive importer for Xtazy. Malhotra has launched Xtazy already in Eastern India, and was looking now for a distributor in the Delhi area, when FII spoke to him during IFE fair in Delhi recently. In order to take on Red Bull and get a share of 20% from their business, Malhotra wants to offer better conditions to distributors. â€Å"We provide a margin of 6-8% to a distributor, who thus can earn about Rs 6 a can†, Malhotra says. â€Å" This is more than what Red Bull offers which is only about 2 – 3 Rs per can. † Xtazy is available in cans of 350 ml, thus more than the usual 250 ml of other energy drinks, and will be priced with a MRP of Rs 85. Four variants are offered, Cranberry Blast, Sugar Free Passion Fruit-Pineapple, Orange Blast and Lime Blast. Malhotra has planned several marketing measures to promote Xtazy, like PoS actions, coupons and direct marketing in a first round, and night parties in a second round. In marketing communication, he is highlighting not only the variants, but also health effects as the USPs of Xtazy, which are derived from ancient herbs used in the drink like gingko and guarana. The extract of gingko biloba leaf has been shown to dilate blood vessels and has the ability to increase peripheral blood circulation, especially to the brain, the company writes in a leaflet. Guarana from Brasil would serve to promote weight loss by increasing the metabolic rate and reducing the appetite. Besides the US, Malhotra says, Xtazy would be marketed also in Israel, Ukraine and in Turkey and would soon be launched in China. 2. Australia-based â€Å"Aromas† launches first coffee store in India. Australia-based â€Å"Aromas,† one of the leading coffee chain shops, launched its first cafe outlet in India at Hiranandani, Powai, and Mumbai. The company also tied up with Ideal Hospitality Private Ltd (IHPL), which would own the brand in the country and south-east Asia. Jayant Mahiskar, chairman and MD, IHPL, said, â€Å"Aromas is being launched keeping in mind the true coffee connoisseurs. We aim at targeting the youth and corporate at our outlets and Powai with a mix of residential and office complexes was a natural choice. The coffee has been created from selection of the original beans and blended to suit all tastes. Aromas ensures freshness and fullness of flavor. † According to the agreement with Aromas, IHPL will pay about 1. 5% of the gross revenue earned. Further, the company has decided to invest about Rs. 50-75 crore in the next three years to expand its footprint with 99 outlets in India. 3. China rejects Coke bid to take-over major juice maker China has rejected Coca-Cola’s $2. 5 billion bid to buy a major Chinese juice maker. The purchase of Huiyuan Juice Group Ltd would have been the biggest foreign acquisition of a Chinese company to date. The proposed purchase was rejected on anti-monopoly grounds, the Chinese commerce ministry announced on its website. Coca-Cola’s bid in September prompted an outcry by nationalists who urged the government to bar foreigners from acquiring one of China’s most successful homegrown brands. Rival juice producers warned that the acquisition would give Coca-Cola too dominant a position in China’s beverage market. A Coca-Cola spokesman in Hong Kong learned of the rejection of the sale had no immediate comment. Huiyuan’s founders and major shareholders already had endorsed the sale. If Coke were to take over Huiyuan, it will dominate the soft drinks market in China, which not only hurts consumers, but also other sector participants. Huiyuan controls more than a tenth of the Chinese fruit and vegetable juice market that grew 15% last year to $2 billion. Coca-Cola has a 9. 7% share and dominates in diluted juices. According to analysts China’s ruling on Coke could cut both ways in that Chinese firms that have been making increasingly high profile acquisitions abroad may run into trouble of their own. 4. Pepsi’s Slice kicks off the new season with ‘Aamsutra’ PepsiCo’s popular mango juice drink brand- Slice kicks off the 2009 season with it’s new ‘Aamsutra’ concept. According to Homi Battiwalla, business head, juice & juice drinks, PepsiCo India, Slice had seen powerful consumer momentum post the re-launch of 2008. The new winning formulation has been appreciated by consumers. Aamsutra has driven strong disruption in the juice and juice drink category. All of this has made Slice the fastest growing mango drink brand in the country. â€Å"South India is the lead market for mango drinks in the country. Andhra Pradesh is the biggest mango market and also the fastest growing market for Slice and mango drinks in the country. Tamil Nadu is amongst the top three states and Slice is the market-leader in Tamil Nadu,† he added Pepsi has now opted for a new brand ambassador, Katrina Kaif. â€Å"The creative thought behind the new communication was to further enhance the Slice experience into dimensions of pleasure, sensuality and indulgence. Last year’s commercial was about enumerating the principles of ‘Aamsutra’ or the art of experiencing pure mango pleasure with the new Slice. This year, the commercial portrays the next level to bring alive the mango indulgence, stated Hari Krishnan, Vice President, JWT. The company has now opted for a 360 multimedia campaigns involving digital, print, radio, impact outdoors and sampling in core markets. 5. Parle Agro launches lemon flavoured drink â€Å"LMN† Parle Agro, one of the leading food & beverage companies in India, has launched a new fruit-based lemon drink LMN in the non-carbonated segment. The new brand is a natural lemon juice drink and the only brand in India with a taste closest to home made, fresh lime water (Nimbu pani). According to the company, LMN will offer consumers a healthy, refreshing drink with the goodness of vitamin C. Every summer, the Indian beverage market has seen cola majors battle it out. This summer, the launch of LMN will see the cola wars taking a back seat and the battle spilling over to the non-cola segment, to be more precise in the nimbu paani category. PepsiCo India last week launched a nimbu pani drink, Nimbooz, under the 7Up brand On the occasion of LMN’s launch, Nadia Chauhan, joint managing director and CMO, Parle Agro, said, â€Å"Nimbu pani has traditionally been India’s most commonly consumed cold beverage. In fact the idea of a branded lemon drink is so simple that you would wonder why nobody thought of it earlier. The challenge for us was packaging a natural product while retaining its fresh, original taste throughout its shelf life. † LMN will be available in 110 ml Tetra, 200 ml Tetra and 500 ml PET packs priced at Rs 5, Rs 10 and Rs 23 respectively. The company aims to touch a turnover of Rs 3000-3500 crore by 2011. The company will target both (youth and adult) segments of consumers to turn them into branded consumers of nimbu pani. Besides this LMN will also target an emerging segment of consumers who are looking for a healthy and refreshing beverage in the country. â€Å"For the last 20 years, Parle Agro has been the market leader in fruit based beverages, we have constantly worked keeping in mind Indian preferences while formulating products that cater to the Indian palate. It is without any doubt that only an Indian company can understand what real nimbu pani tastes like and what the Indian consumer wants in a packaged offering,† Chauhan added. Further, the company claims that packaged nimbu pani will have tremendous growth potential, higher than other packaged drinks mainly because of a major shift in consumer behavior. Today, the beverage consumer is looking for hygiene, convenience, refreshing taste, affordability and year-round availability. The name LMN is derived from the SMS version of the word lemon. Parle Agro also owns other fruit drink brands like Frooti, Appy Fizz and packaged drinking water, Bailey. 6. PepsiCo launches ‘Nimbooz,’ packaged lemon juice with no fizz and artificial flavours. PepsiCo India has launched its packaged nimbu paani, Nimbooz, under its 7Up brand. The home-made nimbu paani or lime juice has been specially created to suit Indian tastes. The lemon juice, no fizz and artificial flavours, is available in trendy, convenient packs. The drink offers great value to consumers in three packaging formats of 200 ml returnable glass bottles (RGB), 350 ml PET and 200 ml Tetra attractively priced at Rs 10, Rs 15 and Rs 10, respectively. According to Ms Punita Lal, Executive Director- Marketing, PepsiCo India, Nimbooz, is specially developed to suit Indian tastes and preferences. â€Å"Nimbooz is an affordable offering for consumers on the go because of its ready-to-drink format that is both convenient and hygienic. The proposition of the Indian refresher perfectly captures the mass appeal of this product and will certainly drive consumer connect, stated Ms Alpana Titus, Executive VP-Flavours, PepsiCo India. PepsiCo has drawn up an intensive consumer activation campaign to market Nimbooz. The 360 degree marketing communication plan will revolve around building awareness through multi-city launches and road shows, comprehensive 3D activation, leveraging Out-of-Home (OOH) media, radio, press and outdoors. Aggressive trial generation and sampling initiatives will also be taken forward across major cities of the country. A special ‘Nimbooz Highway Gadi’ has been created that will visit the four major highways connecting Delhi to Jaipur, Dehradun, Agra to drive trails and consumer education. 7. Coke launches fruit-flavoured Fanta Apple nationally After successfully introducing it in southern markets last year, Coca-Cola India has launched its fruit-flavoured soft drink ‘Fanta Apple’ nationally. The product is available in 200 ml and 300 ml returnable glass bottles and also in 500 ml PET pack priced at Rs 8, Rs 10 and Rs 22 respectively. During the Fanta Apple launch in October 2008, Venkatesh Kini, marketing vice-president, Coca-Cola India, said that the company had planned to reach about 3. 5 lakh customers with sample apple flavoured drink to extend its market leadership in the fruit flavoured segment in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. â€Å"As per consumer research, we have found that after orange, apple is the most preferred fruit in the country and Fanta Apple has been developed specially for the Indian palate,† Kini said on Monday. According to experts, the nationwide launch of Fanta Apple is a part of the company’s $250 million business plan for the country. Fanta Apple is the second flavour after Fanta Orange under â€Å"Fanta† brand of the company. â€Å"We have had an excellent response down south with a reused value to the drink and with the national launch of Fanta Apple, we are stepping stones to extend Coca Cola India’s market leadership in the fruit-flavoured sparkling drink segment,† Kini added. The company has also announced Bollywood actress Genelia D’Souza as the new brand ambassador of the Fanta brand. According to reports, the current expected Indian soft drink market is about Rs 6,000 crore, in which the company shares about 50% market with its various brands like Coke, 7 Up, Fanta, Sprite and Thums Up. STUDY OF GROWTH OF SOFT DRINK MARKET SOFT DRINKS Carbonated drinks are dominated by artificial flavors based on cola, orange and lime with Pepsi and coca-cola dominating the market. The entire part of the drin. †¢Cola products account for nearly 61-62% of the total soft drinks market. †¢Two global majors’ Pepsi and coke dominate the soft drink market. †¢NCAER survey says 91% of soft drink in the country is in the lower, lower middle and upper middle class people. †¢The market is worth around Rs. 5000 crores with growth rate of around 10-15%. †¢The annual per capita consumption in India is only about 6 bottles vis- a- Vis 340 bottles in the U. S. †¢The production as soft drinks has increased from 5670 million bottles in 1998-99 to 6230 million bottles in 1999-2000 industry source. †¢Growth market this year is expected to be 10-15% in value terms and 20-22% in volume terms. However, the market for carbonated drinks is stagnating and not growing as expected. MAJOR PLAYERS IN SOFT DRINKS SEGMENT COCA COLA: thanda matlab coca cola!!! Coca cola has truly remarkable heritage. From a humble beginning in 1886 it has now become the flagship brand of largest manufacturer, distributor of non alcoholic beverages in the world. In India, coca cola was the leading soft drink till 1977 when govt. policies necessitated its departure. Coca cola has made its return to the country in 1993. and made significant investment to ensure that the beverage is available to more and more people in remote as well as inaccessible parts of the world. Coca cola returned to India in 1993 and over the past ten years has captured the imagination of the nation, building strong association with cricket, the thriving cinema industry, music etc. coca cola has been very strongly associated with cricket, sponsoring the world cup in 1996. In 2002, coca cola launched the campaign,†Thanda Matlab coca cola†. in 2003,coke was available for just rs,5 crores in the country. FANTA : GHOONTH BHAR SHARARAT KAR LEY!!! Fanta entered the Indian market in year 1996 under the coca cola brand . over the years, Fanta has occupied a strong market place and is identified as â€Å"the fun catalyst†. Fanta stands for its vibrant color, tempting taste and tingling bubbles that not just uplifts feelings but also helps free spirit thus encouraging one to indulge in the moment. LIMCA: LIME AND LEMONI!!! Drink that can cast a tangy refreshing spell on anyone, anywhere. Born in 1971, Limca has been the original thirst choice, of millions of consumers for over three decades. The brand has been displaying healthy volume growing year on year and limca continues to be leading flavoring soft drinks in the country. Dive into the zingy refreshment of limca and walk away a new person. SPIRITE: SPIRITE BHUJAYE PYAAS BAKI SAB BAKWAAS!!! World wide sprite ranked as no. 4 soft drink and is sold in more than 190 countries In India, sprite was launched in year 1999 and today it has grown to be one of the fastest growing soft drinks, leading clear lime category. Today sprite is perceived as a youth icon. With strong appeal to youth sprite has stood for a straight forward and honest attitude. Its clear crisp hingtaste encourages today’s youth to trust their instincts, influence them to be true who they are and to obey their thirst. THUMS UP: TASTE THE THUNDER!!! Strong cola taste, exciting personality. Thums up is a leading carbonated soft drink and most trusted brand in India. Originally introduced in 1977, thums up was acquired by the coca cola company in 1993. Thums up, is, known for strong, fizzy taste and its confident, mature and uniquely masculine attitude. This brand clearly seeks to separate the man from the boys. MAAZA: YAARI DOSTI TAAZA MAAZA!!! Maaza was launched in 1976. In 1993, maaza was acquired by coca cola India. Maaza currently dominates the fruit drink category. Over the years, maaza has become synonymous with mango. â€Å"Taaza Mango, Maaza mango, Botal mei aam, maaza hai naam†. consumers regard maaza as wholesome, natural, fun loving drink real experience of fruit. The campaign builds on the existing equity of the brand and delivers a relevant emotional benefit to the moms rightly captured in tagline, â€Å"yaari dosti, and taaza maaza†. PEPSI: YEH DIL MAANGE MORE!!! Pepsi cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by Pepsi co. It is sold in stores, restaurants and from vending machines. The drink was first made in the 1890’s in North Carolina. The brand was trademarked on June 16, 1903. There have been many Pepsi variants produced over the years. †¢Diet Pepsi †¢Crystal Pepsi †¢Pepsi twist †¢Pepsi max †¢Pepsi samba †¢Pepsi blue †¢Pepsi gold †¢Pepsi holiday spice †¢Pepsi jazz †¢Pepsi x(available in Finland & brazil) †¢Pepsi next(available in Japan & south Korea) STUDY OF GROWTH OF FRUIT DRINK MARKET FRUIT JUICES Branded fruit juice market in India holds an immense potential. Usually confused and considered synonymous with non-aerated drinks, fruit pulps, juices and squash are high sugar beverages, which are centrifuged and filtered to give a semi- clear appearance. In the past, this sector enjoyed an excise exemption, keeping cost at minimal. However the withdrawal of exemption has inflated costs and can affect growth, with dramatic change possible on reintroduction of excise exemption. MARKET †¢The organized fruit beverage market is estimated at Rs. 500 crores market. (Nectars, drinks and juices combined). †¢The market has grown at a 20% to 25% rate. †¢Of this, more expensive juices segment has grown at rate of 40%this year. It accounted for only 15% of the fruit beverage 3 years back. †¢In –home consumption of juices has gone up from 30%, three years back to 80%today. †¢Mango based drinks account for two thirds of fruit drinks industry. MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE FRUIT DRINK SEGMENT DABUR REAL Dabur’s flagship brand real fruit juice is a market leader in packaged fruit juice category. Real was launched in 1996 and the brand has carved a niche for itself by claiming to be the only fruit juice in packaged form . i. e. 100%preservative free. Real, with market share of 57% comes in nine flavors: †¢Orange †¢Mango †¢Pineapple †¢Mix fruit †¢Grape †¢Guava †¢Litchi †¢Tomato †¢Cranberry Real Active is 100%fruit juice with no added sugar and is available in following variants: †¢Orange †¢Apple †¢Orange- carrot GODREJ The food division of godrej industry produces and market fruit drinks, fruit nectar and sofit soymilk. Godrej’s brand JUMPIN comes in the following flavor: †¢Mango †¢Pineapple †¢Apple †¢Litchi †¢Orange Godrej’s x’s is a range of fruit nectar with more fruits. It’s available in following flavors: †¢Orange †¢Apple †¢Grape PEPSI’S TROPICANA. Tropicana brand fruit juice enjoys a market share of 25% and has registered a double digit growth and has outpaced the growth of fruit juice market in India. It is available in following flavors: †¢Orange †¢Apple †¢Grape †¢Cranberry LEH BERRY It is a product from Ladakh Foods. Its first fruit juice in Delhi and it’s selling it in the more affluent parts of town. It enjoys a market share of 4% and is available in a variety of flavors: †¢Pineapple †¢Apple †¢Mixed fruit †¢Orange †¢Blackcurrant †¢Mango †¢Guava PARLE’S FROOTI and APPY Frooti was launched back in 1985 and enjoys market dominance with 85% of market share. Parle’s Agro’s APPY, in 1996 had a market share of 5% in the fruit drink segment; in 2003 its new variant-APPY FIZZ was launched. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY Every project work is based on certain methodology, which is a way to systematically solve the problem or attain its objectives. It is a very important guideline and lead to completion of any project work through observation, data collection and data analysis. According to Clifford Woody, â€Å"Research Methodology comprises of defining & redefining problems, collecting, organizing &evaluating data, making deductions &researching to conclusions. † Accordingly, the methodology used in the project is as follows: – Defining the objectives of the study Framing of questionnaire keeping objectives in mind (considering the objectives) Feedback from the respondents Analysis of feedback Conclusion, findings and suggestions. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The main aim of this research study is to analyze the preference of people (of different age groups) on consumption patterns of Soft Drinks and Fruit Juices. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY †¢To study the preferences of the people for soft drinks and fruit juices. †¢To find out the factor(s) that influences the consumer’s consumption of soft drinks and fruit juices. †¢To test the know-how of the consumers regarding the various existing brands of soft drinks and fruit juices. †¢To explore the next best beverage after soft drinks and fruit juices. †¢To find out how the beverage is positioned in the mind of the consumers. SCOPE OF THE STUDY †¢This study is confined to the North West Delhi region covering areas of Paschim Vihar, Pitam Pura, Rohini area, Punjabi Bagh. †¢Seasonal drinks are not considered in the study. †¢We are considering only canned juices. †¢We are not considering water & alcoholic drinks. RESEARCH DESIGN A research design is a framework or blueprint for conducting the marketing research project. It specifies the details of the procedures necessary for obtaining the information needed to structure and/or solve marketing research problem. On the basis of fundamental objectives of the research we can classify research design into two general types: EXPLORATORY RESEARCH CONCLUSIVE RESEARCH Exploratory research is one type of research design, which has its primary objective the provision of insights into, and comprehension of, the problem situation confronting the researcher. Conclusive research is designed to assist the decision maker in determining evaluating and selecting the best course of action to take in a given situation. Conclusive research can be further divided into two types:- †¢Descriptive †¢Experimental The research design used in this project is a DESCRIPTIVE DESIGN. Descriptive study as the name implies is designed to describe something-for example the characteristics of users of a given product, the degree to which the product use the varies with income, age, etc. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE USED: This research has used convenience sampling technique. 1) Convenience sampling technique: Convenience sampling is used in exploratory research where the researcher is interested in getting an inexpensive approximation of the truth. As the name implies, the sample is selected because they are convenient. SELECTION OF SAMPLE SIZE: For the study, a sample size of 100 has been taken into consideration. SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION: Research will be based on two sources: 1. Primary data 2. Secondary data 1) PRIMARY DATA: Questionnaire: Primary data was collected by preparing questionnaire and the people were randomly being requested to fill them. 2) SECONDARY DATA: Secondary data will consist of different literatures like books which are published, articles, internet and websites. In order to reach relevant conclusion, research work needed to be designed in a proper way. STATISTICAL TOOLS USED The main statistical tools used for the collection and analyses of data in this project are: †¢Questionnaire †¢Pie Charts †¢Bar Diagrams DATA ANALYSIS & FINDINGS Q1. What do you prefer to drink? (Tick any 1) Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Soft Drinks5757% Fruit Juices4343% Total100100% Q2. Frequency of consumption of your preferred drink in a week? SOFT DRINKS Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage. Daily2849% 2-6 times2340% Above 7611% Total57100% FRUIT JUICES Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Daily1023% 2-6 times3070% Above 737% Total43100% Q3. On what occasions, do you often consume the Soft Drinks? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Feeling Thirsty1818% Parties / Celebrations4545% Without any reason (just like that)2525% Others1212% Total100100% Q4. On what occasions, do you often consume the Fruit Juices? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Feeling Thirsty1717% Parties / Celebrations3232% Without any reason (just like that)2424% Others2727% Total100100% Q5. What induces you to buy Soft Drinks? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Price with quantity3030% Health Drink 44% Status symbol 88% Taste3232% Variety2626% Total100100% Q6. What induces you to buy Fruit Juices? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Price with quantity1313% Health Drink 4040% Status symbol 1515% Taste2222% Variety1010% Total100100% Q7. If not a Soft Drink or a Fruit juice, which other beverage (other than water) tops your mind? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Coffee3030% Tea2525% Shakes(Milk/Ice cream/Fruit)88% Lassi1212% Sharbat2525% Total100100% Q8. How do you rate canned juices as compared to fresh juices? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage Equivalent to fresh juices 2424% Have artificial added flavor 3636% Healthy with preservatives 4040% Total100100% Q9. How do you view Soft Drinks? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage As a health drink44% As a status symbol88% As an aid to put off thirst5555% Any other3333% Total100100% Q10. How do you view Fruit Juices? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentage As a health drink4040% As a status symbol1515% As an aid to put off thirst3232% Any other1313% Total100100% Q11. Do advertisements affect your purchases? Particulars No. of RespondentsPercentag.