Addiction and Society - 1244 Words

Addiction and Society Sociology Professor Trembicki February 22, 2013 Abstract Drug addiction is a disease that damages addicts, their families, communities, the economy, and society. Addiction has a widespread reach: from dealing with unpredictable and often dangerous addicts at home to the costs incurred by society as a whole. As the population of addicts rises and the average age of an addict is younger, society is forced to deal with a pressing matter. Addiction is no longer limited to the poor and underprivileged; society can no longer ignore this problem and simply look away. Drug addiction is a disease that damages addicts, their families, communities, the economy, and society. Addiction has a widespread reach: from†¦show more content†¦As with many other brain diseases, addiction has embedded behavioral and social-context aspects that are important parts of the disorder itself. Therefore, the most effective treatment approaches will include biological, behavioral, and social-context components. Recognizing addiction as a chronic, relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use can impact society’s overall health and social policy strategies and help diminish the health and social costs associated with drug abuse and addiction.† (Leshner 1997) Addiction is a continuing and progressive illness. The disease is insidious, and most addicts do not even realize that they are addicted until it is too late and the disease has completely taken over. â€Å"Addiction is a very clever brain disease that convinces add icts that they need drugs to function, despite negative consequences. . . For this reason, addiction is one of the most devastating diseases plaguing our society today† (Kranzler 95 2008). Surprisingly, addiction does not mean the use of â€Å"illegal† drugs alone. Nowadays, drug addiction is much discussed â€Å"thanks to legally prescribed and over-the-counter medications being administered to society’s brightest, richest, and most respected icons†¦these drugs show up on the nightlife scene, on school campuses, at PTA meetings and soccer games – picked up from the medicine cabinet at home, not dealt on a street corner† (Broeekaert 2009). According toShow MoreRelatedAddiction and Society1653 Words   |  7 PagesIn our society we place high regard in individuals that are independently motivated and generally motivated towards purposes that are considered to be respectable within our society as contributing something. When individuals suffer from addiction deviate from this acceptable behavior they are often ostracized by society and in turn fall into a cycle where they are unable to better themselves not only because of their own addiction but because of the limiting view of an addict in our society. WhenRead MoreAddiction : The American Society Of Addiction Medicine ( Asam )778 Words   |  4 Pages Addiction is a problem that is misunderstood by many people. One of the reasons it is so misunderstood is because there is no real consensus as to what addiction really is due to Satan’s lies as to the true nature of addiction. Many people consider addiction a disease. The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) states â€Å"Addiction is a primary, chronic disease of brain reward, motivation, memory and related circuitry†. However, Psychology Today questions whether addictionRead MoreSocial Media Addiction : The Society1527 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Media Addiction: Blighting Our Society Social media has the ability to help people greatly in connecting with each other. A friend from childhood could be found from across the world in just minutes at little cost if they have a Facebook account. That was impossible even 20 years ago. However, this is not always the case, as more and more people seem to feel disconnected from the people around them due to social media. Despite being a simple way to make and keep friends, it can be a drainRead MoreAddiction : The American Medical Society1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Medical Society (AMA) declared addiction to alcohol to be an illness in 1956. Prior to 1956, addiction was stigmatized as a moral failure or weakness of character. You can read a fascinating historical review of addiction evolving from a moral failure to an illness at http://bit.ly/1TwOdE8. There is no one â€Å"best† definition of addiction. The American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, American Society of Addiction Medicine, and the National Institute on DrugRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On Society1402 Words   |  6 Pageshuman being is severely dependent on drugs, or indulgences in the experience of getting â€Å"high† once in a while, drugs alter the chemistry of the brain and that person becomes disassociated from their character and their surroundings. The symptoms of addiction are very obvious on the physical self of a person. The shakiness, nausea, and outbursts of emotions when that drug is not delivered immediately are common. But inside, not only does it cause liver damage, weight fluctuations, and neurological issuesRead MoreAmerican Society Of Addiction Medicine1901 Words   |  8 PagesSome people crave crack cocaine or black tar heroin, they find it hard to put down the needle or pipe, society calls t hem addicts. What about the people who find themselves craving food, or needing to continually eat past the brink of the stomach’s capacity? Society calls them fat, lazy, gluttonous. People often times don’t think to consider food as an addictive substance, but is it? â€Å"Addiction is characterized by inability to consistently abstain, impairment in behavioral control, and craving, diminishedRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On Society Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pages Addiction is a condition that results when a person takes in a substance that can make you feel great for a certain amount of time, but when the continued use/act of which becomes compulsive and interferes with ordinary life. How do you know when you are addicted to something? Is it a choice or just an effect? What most people do not understand, is that no one really chooses to be an addict. Being addicted to something such as drugs, alcohol, food, etc., is not due to someone waking up one day andRead MoreDrug Addiction : Today s Society945 Words   |  4 PagesDrug addiction is one major problem in today’s society. Really, every country faces such issues today. A ton of measures are taken to battle against medication misuse, and, certainly, a few improvements are obvious. Nonetheless, this issue is not dispensed with and, maybe, will never be. Today, Americans are losing their employments, families, and even their lives over the misuse. There are a considerable measure of le gal drugs that Americans are dependent on, yet there are additionally a great dealRead MoreSociety s Addiction On Social Media Buzz Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesAlana Clemente Caruso Writing 105 5 December 2016 M3 Final Society’s Addiction on Social Media Buzz Throughout the past few years, society has become more and more technologically advanced. Whether it be a cell phone, tablet, computer, television or any other device, most people have some sort of technology. With technology comes social media and social buzz. Everything people do, adult or teenager, can be linked with social connections. A simple tweet or Facebook status can be posted in a secondRead MoreAddiction Is Prevalent Within The Current Society. People1632 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction is prevalent within the current society. People are becoming more susceptible towards addiction. If an addiction to something is heritable within a family, it is often than to the new generation. There are many factors that play a role in addictions. The BPS Plus model includes biological, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual dimensions to help understand addiction. In this essay, I will be focusing on the addiction to alcohol and how it effects the lives of alcoholics, using exa mples

Rhetorical Analysis of Letter from Birmingham Jail W/...

MLK Letter From Birmingham Jail Rhetorical Analysis- w/ focus on Ethos â€Å"...we are now confronted by a series of demonstrations by some of our Negro citizens, directed and led in part by outsiders†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In this quote, from the third paragraph of the letter written by eight Alabama clergymen, the term outsiders is used. Early on, this creates a label for Martin Luther King, outsider. Throughout his Letter From Birmingham Jail, King is able appeal to ethos in order to refute his title of â€Å"outsider† and generate a connection with his audiences, the clergymen and the people of America. King is able to do such a thing by alluding to multiple passages from the Bible as well as the figures it contains, which is done so that he may identify†¦show more content†¦He moves further into this by saying in paragraph two â€Å"I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia.† By stating his association with this national religious organization, he asserts that he is a very pious man and that he too has been blessed with authority from God. This is essential to his character in regards to the clergymen as they too receive authority from God, thus creating a sense of equality. By creating this identity king affectively appeals to ethos and creates a stronger moral character with his audience. Furthermore, this also gives King the ability to refute being an outsider. Since he is part of a larger organization, which has branches within the state, how can he, a man of the church, be an outsider if he was welcomed here as stated in paragraph two, where the passage reads â€Å"..the affiliate here in Birmingham asked us to be on call to engage in a nonviolent direct-action program...So I, along with several members of my staff, am here because I was invited here.† He has now extinguished the thought of him being an â€Å"outsider† and created the image that he i s welcome, and should not be considered an outsider. King uses simile and metaphor in his letter in order to accentuate his religious identity and moral sense. In paragraph three, following King’s

Science Health and Wellness Free Essays

Associate Level Material Six Dimensions of Health Worksheet Part 1 For each of the following six dimensions of health, list at least one characteristic, activity, belief, or attitude that reflects that dimension in your life. Provide a brief explanation with each example. Refer to Ch. We will write a custom essay sample on Science Health and Wellness or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 in the text for explanations of these dimensions. Physical health: Gaining weight so you need to exercise. Being out of shape hurts your heart and bones. Taking care of yourself and exercising helps the heart also. Social health: Interacting with others friends etc will help you ease your mind and take some street off yourself for example you are having issues in your relationship with your boyfriend talking to a friend will ease the stress and help you not do something and or help you take care of yourself. Intellectual health: Learning new things and expanding your mind is a real good thing. As you learn new thing you can take care of yourself and you also keep your mind flowing instead of just stuck in one situation. Environmental health: Getting out of the house and not stuck doing nothing which will also give you exercise is very healthy just like the sun gives your body some vitamins which is also healthy. Emotional health: is important because if you don’t have good emotional health you can do something harmful to yourself like suicide or even something harmful towards others. Spiritual health: In believing in something such as god or something like that is always good. In believing in something it gives you a positive outlook in things and helps you cope with things. Part 2 In approximately 125 to 200 words, describe health and wellness in your own words using the ideas and concepts for each of the six dimensions of health. I believe that each one of these is very important. I listed things in the things above which to me are important. First Physical wellness is important cause if you don’t keep your body healthy you’re going to get yourself very sick or worst. You damage yourself each and every day when you don’t do something for your body like exercise. Social wellness is interacting with friends and associating yourself with others which helps you get your feelings out and helps that you are not alone which also is connected into emotional health. A lot of people that has bad emotional issues can hurt them and or hurt others which then can also tie into intellectual health. If you learn and expand yourself with new things you can also help yourself be positive and teach yourself new things. There is also spiritual health which will help you believe in something other then what is around you like going to church or whatever your religion shall be. It helps you clear . your mind and gives you a positive boost you might needs. Environmental health helps you get out of the house so you’re not stuck and get involved in things. How to cite Science Health and Wellness, Papers

Use of Visual Aids by an Autistic Individual

Question: Discuss about theUse of Visual Aids by an Autistic Individual. Answer: Introduction Autism is a mental or behavioural disorder characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people using language and abstract concepts (Autism Spectrum Australia 2016). It is a lifelong condition that affects how a person communicates with people, relates to them and experiences the world (Australia Autism Spectrum 2016). There is no clear cause or cure for autism but its occurrence has been attributed to genetic factors and environmental risk factors such as low supply of oxygen to the child's brain while it was still a foetus and the mother's mental illness during pregnancy (South Western Sydney Institute). The communication in autistic individuals include delay in speech development, difficulty in holding conversations, difficulty in taking part in social interactions and reliance on visual aid and sign language due to inability to communicate verbally (South Western Sydney Institute). It is therefore imperative to use the most appropriate method of communication when interacting with a person with the condition. These methods include; the use of simple and consistent language, use of visual aid, avoiding using metaphors as the individuals interpret language literally, seeking constant confirmation that they understand what you are saying and expressing one idea at a time to allow the person time to process the information and respond (South Western Sydney Institute). The clients unable to communicate verbally rely on visual aid. The use of pictures and symbols eases communication since they are clearly intentional and readily understood. The client, Mark is autistic. He relies on visual aid for communication, routine changes are difficult to him and he is anxious in new situations. The caregiver is required to have the necessary skills to communicate with him, take him through transitions and be able to help him adapt to change easily. The change of environment from what Mark is used to is a difficult process and there should be a way to help him through it. The use of visual aid among other strategies can be useful in the process of transition from one activity to another (Autism Speaks2016). An activity schedule helps in smooth transition by increasing predictability (Autism Speaks 2016). Here is a visual schedule covering the activities that Mark will take part in from the time he wakes up to the time the group meeting with the gamers. The visual support is aimed at reducing the confusion that Mark may experience due to unpredictability (Medic8 2016). He does not handle the change of routine well therefore using the visual aid may help him transition smoothly. The schedule above includes the time, people and various activities that Mark will engage in during the day right from when he wakes up to the end of the day when he leaves the group and goes back home. Since Mark experiences anxiety in difficult situations, it is essential to avoid making him deal with sudden change. I will first inform Mark about the new schedule before starting the new routine. This will include an explanation of what activities he should expect in the future and the time durations of every activity using visual aids. There should be progressive visits to the arena of the gaming meeting which will increase with time (South Western Sydney Institute). Getting his opinion on the new routine and making changes will be an important step in gaining his trust and sense of control in the things that matter to him. It shows that he has a say in the decisions made regarding his life since he is an adult. Involvement of his family in the process goes a long way in making the transition smooth. The family is one of the few institutions that an individual is used to hence; involving them in the process brings a sense of familiarity making it easier for the client to adapt. I can involve the parents in the process by having one of them drive Mark to the meeting and attending some of the sessions. The presence of the parent in the makes it easier for Mark to adjust in a situation that would have otherwise been difficult. The other ways of supporting Mark will involve helping him develop his skills, maximize his independence and supporting his rights, welfare and interests (South Western Sydney Institute). Mark's interest in gaming and trains should be encouraged as they will influence his personal development for instance, attending the gaming meetings will improve his social skills and improve his interaction with people. Mark can be assisted in maximizing his independence by allowing him to make choices regarding his life and interests. All these improve the client's personal development in the all aspects. References Autism Speaks 2016, Visual Supports and Autism Spectrum Disorder, http//:www.autismspeaks.org Autism Spectrum Australia 2016, What is Autism? http//:www.autismspectru.org.au. Medic 8 2016, Guide to Autism; Dealing With Change. http//:www.medic8.com. South Western Sydney Institute, Support Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder http//:www.SWSI.tayensw.edu.au.

Assessing Your Organizations Values free essay sample

Assessing Your Organizations Values Paper Marvella Davis University Of Phoenix COM / 310 Juan Vigil August 10, 2011 Assessing Your Organizations Values Paper This paper will analyze the values of Medical Services of America and analyze the corporate and business culture of MSA. This paper will also discuss the structure of the organization and the information sharing practices. The first part of this paper will discuss the structure and power relationships that influence decision-making within medical services of America. Structure, refers to rules and resources that members use to create and sustain the system as well as to guide the behavior of the staff. At medical services of America as with any medical or nursing career or job there are already a set of rules to follow in order to perform your job efficiently. Some of the rules are always to be professional be ethic based in nature and follow the state and federal regulations as a licensed professional in healthcare. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessing Your Organizations Values or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Medical services of America have strict guidelines to follow state and federal regulations and as a licensed professional in healthcare you are to follow all of these regulations. Medical services of America have all of these rules in place and make sure that they are implemented in order to have a controlled work environment. In nursing the documentation of everything on the patient is a vital rule in order to be in compliance with the rules that are implemented at medical services of America. These set of state and government rules and regulations all help to sustain the structured system at medical services of America. These implemented rules also direct the status personal behavior in regards to each patient that they interact with. Part of the resources that medical services of America uses is the patients feedback and the community support for improvement and growth in order to give better care to their patients. But one of the main resources that the organization uses as a whole is the allocative resources and another big resource is authoritative resource, because a lot of the interactions are interpersonal with patients and staff. Medical services of America is an organization that is built around the persons perception and the first impression so the report power perception fits into the way he the company operates extracts the fact that it is not just one person or boss that makes the impression it is all employees of the company. The culture of medical services of America is a medical symbol; this is also the slogan for the organization. The slogan is nonverbal because it is worn by all employees and staff.

Persuasive Essay on Animal Experimentation

Persuasive Essay on Animal Experimentation Free example persuasive essay on Animal Experimentation Throughout history, animal experimentation has played an important role in leading to new discoveries and human benefit. However, what many people tend to forget are the great numbers of animal subjects that have suffered serious harm during the process of experimentation. Many people are believed to be ignorant or misunderstand the nature of the lives that animals actually live, and are unable to understand the actual laboratory procedures and techniques. Other than the philosophical questions that arise, ethical (moral) questions are the main reason why many animal right activists want it banned in every country. Activists feel that to this day, there should be no good reason why any living thing should be subjected to this cruel punishment and unwanted torture just for serving another being’s needs. Although animal experimentation has been around for centuries, the ethical revival of realization on the moral status of animals began in the 1970’s. This problem was a few among many that had been quietly hidden for years until the 1970’s. Such movements like gaining rights for the oppressed, expressions of antiwar opinions in the U.S.A, and the women’s liberation movement, accompanied the movement for the ending animal experimentation. The animal rights movement has grown more and more complicated through its use of strategy and has successfully brought the issue of laboratory research to the eyes of the public. All forms of media, magazines, radio, television, newspapers, have increased their exposure of animal right protests over the last several years while giving room for groups to produce their own publications. In these publications, activists constantly make the analogy between the work of abolitionists before the emancipation and the efforts of animal right activists. This analogy of racism and â€Å"speciesism† was brought about by a philosopher named Richard Ryder in 1985 and brings up the issue of research with animal subjects to be emotionally unpredictable for many people. (Sperling Susan â €“ Applied Ethics in Animal Research Introduction pgs 4-6) One of the biggest problems and the main reason why animal experimentation should be banned is the large percentage of birth defects that occur. The difference is that humans may also a longer period of fetal development and be more sensitive to birth defects agents than other species. One example of another problem with animal experimentation are that animals can be given nicotine directly as opposed to being exposed to it as a human would for years. Another would be that stress caused by animal handling, whether it be because of lack food or water, may have adverse effects on pregnancy or its ability to mate with the opposite sex. Also these tests are too insensitive and tend to disregard learning or behavioral problems. Our plain existence can influence the behavior of animals and disturb activities such as feeding, care- giving, and mating conduct. (Cognitive and deep ethnology and the great ape project- page 82-86) There have even been laws that have been recently erected to protect the existence and safety of these animal â€Å"victims†. One law known as Kanjorski’s Law states that any substance (that is tested on an animal) that can harm a fetal embryo in development, can call the validity of the tests into question. Several factors can determine the effects on the results based on the different kind of species that are used during experimentation. The genetic difference between species can affect its ability to defend itself or a difference in the placenta may also affect the animal tests. (Birth Defect Research-Why Animal Experiments Are Not the Answer) In 1986, a German law was passed and was known as the Animal Protection Act. This act forbade experimentation of tobacco products, washing powders, cosmetics, and the testing of weapons on animals. Soon after this law was passed in Germany, many countries started to adopt the law along with new laws such as the ban on LD50 test and the Draize eye irritancy test. Ld50 is a lethal dose that painfully kills nearly 50 percent of the animals that it is injected into, and the Draize test which can cause blindness in rabbits. Places such as the UK define each limit as to having a limit that should not be succeeded, and if done so would be a criminal offense. Every decade, animal experimentation could be looked at in a different light and activists will always be there to defend animal rights. (Orleans, Barbara F. Ethical Themes Governing Animal Experiments pg 140-142) From the 1960’s to the early 1980’s, teens from eleven to seventeen tried to impress judges of science- fair competitions with cruel live animal experiments. This is just one example of how animal experimentation exists everywhere when supervision is missing. It is also about how laws are not enforced to stop such heinous acts of abuse. The usual projects that the students did were, starving animals to death, blinding the animals, mammalian surgery, and the injection of lethal substances. Although, improvements have been made to convince schools to restrict animal testing. Federal laws do not exist. Thus there are no provisions in this area that ban dissection or mistreatment, and the National Association of Biology Teachers are not responsible. However, the amendment made in 1985 to the Animal Welfare Act required a group committee to review how the uses of animals were to be used in the some of the college courses at some but not all. Despite the fact that rats, mice and birds are excluded from the Animal Welfare Act, activist reform groups have just started their mission and are nowhere near the end. (Orleans, Barbara F. Ethnical Themes Governing Animal Experiments) We should make every effort to study separate animals and to learn more about their abilities to feel their torture, psychologically and physically to understand their true feelings. Hopefully in the future, we will no longer have to depend on animals to give us results on safe products. We could also be the ones chained up and experimented on by a higher being in the near future.

The Most Effective Methods for Improving Employee Motivation Dissertation

The Most Effective Methods for Improving Employee Motivation - Dissertation Example Literature Review One motivational theorist states it plainly: â€Å"Aspiration is the source of all motivation† (Freemantle, 2004, p.22). Aspiration is akin to desire and ambition, therefore the author suggests that an effective organization aspires to achieve performance and works to get staff members engaged in this process. This points toward giving cause for each and every organizational scenario or policy to remind employees that they are very much a part of organizational goals and should be reminded to aspire to achieve short- and long-term business ambitions. From this author’s perspective, motivating employees should be as simple as leadership engagement and vision. One difficulty in motivating people, for those organizations which take a Theory X approach to business, is offering employees more autonomous work environments (no micro-managing) and giving them more inclusion in organizational situations. The Theory X philosophy, proposed by Douglas McGregor, suggests that employees are simply lazy by nature, incapable of self-direction, and incapable of providing innovative or creative solutions to enhance organizational effectiveness (Kopelman, Prottas, and Davis, 2008). Under Theory X leadership, employees are rigidly-controlled by top-down hierarchies of management and are expected to simply conform to organizational mandates. Additionally, Theory X leaders seem to command and control employees, expecting no more contribution than generic job function each and every day in the business or organization.

Discussion board reply Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Discussion board reply - Assignment Example However, having to learn with a group, one is able to participate in a multidimensional learning process. I have observed that I tend to revise my assumptions after learning about others input. And this is a good thing. In the merit-based system, for instance, I learned more insights from others that are culturally-based, information that I would not have been aware of. I understand that several of my classmates come from different backgrounds and this shows in the different attitudes towards the pay system issue. This reflects, for me, a real world workplace scenario typified by multiculturalism, requiring me to continuously negotiate with my own and those of others points of view. Hence, when it was proposed that a balanced performance-based and traditional pay system may be better, I had to look at the issue closer and found validity in the argument. I think this is aligned with the concept of perspective transformation in learning where a dimension in group learning, which I beli eve should be taken advantage of, is how it moves us closer to contractual relationships and away from the constraints of personal presuppositions so that we are able to effectively perceive and learn (Amstutz, 1999, p.

RBI Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

RBI Application - Essay Example to reports of the holistic development as well as social adjustment of children raised by homosexual parents and if there are consistent with normal developmental expectations. Then, such reports will be compared with that of children raised by heterosexual parents to see if the sexual orientation of parenting has something to do with the differences, if any. Data that shall be collected from the literature, supported by interviews and questionnaires distributed to children of lesbian, homosexual and heterosexual parents and their parents as well. Investigation shall comprise specific information on what homosexual parents go through in parenting such as legal impediments, if any; what society expects from homosexual parents; the advantages and disadvantages of homosexual parenting with regards to the children; and if there are psychological effects on children raised by homosexuals and lesbians. Data shall be reported and references cited accordingly. Careful analysis of the data shall be done by the researcher in an unbiased manner. A grid of information shall be designed and data plotted into it. If certain themes prevail, then they shall likewise be analyzed too. Describe which statistical or analytical methods you will use to reveal relationships, differences, or patterns. The IRB is obligated to factor the rigor of the research design into the overall assessment of the potential risk and benefits of this study. The data that shall be gathered are the respondents’ interview answers. Interviews will be audiotaped and transcribed. The answers shall be put in a grid according to the theme questions (ex. Challenges in parenting; feelings of children about their family, etc.) and to whatever other theme that will come out of the free-flowing interviews. These are the data that will be compared, contrasted and discussed in relation to pertinent information gathered from the review of literature. Once relevant material on homosexual and heterosexual

Juno Movie Analysis Essay

Juno Movie Analysis Essay Females have been stereotyped, from the prefect wife to the maid.. Whatever the role, television, film and popular magazines are full of images of women and girls who are typically white, desperately thin, with flawless skin. However, female stereotypes continue to thrive in the media we consume every day. In 2007, director Jason Reitman, brought fourth into the world A comedy about growing up And the bumps along the way. It started as an independent film phenomenon but soon grew into a motion picture that captured the hearts and minds of millions of people. The movie was entitled Juno. Juno reflects the changing gender issues and social attitudes regarding teenage pregnancy. Since the movie was release, there have been quite a few television shows with teen pregnancy as the main theme, namely ABC Familys The Secret Life of the American Teenager in 2008 and MTVs Sixteen and Pregnant in 2008 and Teen Mom in 2010. Twenty years ago, movies and TV shows showing teenage pregnancy in such a positive light would have been seen as some kind of dislike and probably never have aired. If the issues of teenage pregnancy were to have come up at all, it would have been seen with very negative connotations. Juno opens the doors for TV shows such as the one mention above and changes the dominant ideology reflecting the change in social attitudes regarding teenage pregnancy and gender roles. Juno tells the story of teenager, Juno McGruff who becomes pregnant after a sexual encounter with her friend Paulie Bleeker. Upon making her mind either keep the baby, have the baby and give it up for adoption, or to have an abortion, Juno decides to have the baby and to give it up for adoption. The rest of the movie goes on to telling the story of Junos pregnancy, including telling her parents that she is pregnant, the process of selecting a family in which to give her child to, her changing relationship with Paulie, and her daily life and struggles as a pregnant high school student. In the end, the parents in which Juno decided to give her baby to, Mark and Vanessa, end up getting a divorce. Yet, Juno still decided to give her baby to Vanessa in the end. This is one of the biggest ways that I think Juno represents the changing gender roles. Aside from one minor meltdown toward the end of the movie, Juno seems to deal with her unplanned pregnancy in a somewhat cheerful, sarcastic ma nor. This shows that an unplanned pregnancy, something that would have been seen as almost unforgivable and an act that would ruin any young womans reputation, nowadays is seen as an almost normal event, even though it may not be the most common. This also shows the evolution of gender roles and values in modern cinema. Finally is the issue of how casual sex is depicted in the film. Juno and Paulie were not in any kind of formal relationship, at least, not at the beginning of the movie, when they had sex and Juno got pregnant. While Juno and Paulie do engage in casual sex, Juno is never called an offensive name, nor does it ever mention that she has been with any other partners in the movie. This depiction of a casual encounter is yet another example of changing gender roles and values within the depiction of teenage women in the media. As most of us know by now, when a girl enters adolescence, she faces a series of loss and changes, the loss of self confidence and not to mention the body changes. As psychologist have pointed out in recent years, adolescent girls in American are afflicted with a range of problem, including low self- esteem, eating disorders, binge drinking, date rape and other dating violence, teen pregnancyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(Gilligan). Jessica L. speaks of the specific issues with the film in her paper, Sexual Subjectivity: A Semiotic Analysis of Girlhood, Sex and Sexuality in the Film Juno. While situating sexual desire, biological possibilities, and social responses to girls engagement in sexual intercourse at the center of its plot, Juno depicts the transgressive sexual agency of a young girl without substantially disrupting longstanding discourses of femininity. Though an analysis of the semiotics of girlhood within the film, [she] argue[s] that the girl figure in this representation signifies an [combination] of two traditionally [categorized] concepts of femininity. Juno serves as a particularly intriguing example of the ways in which adolescent female sexuality is conceptualized within western culture during the early part of the 21st century (Willis). In her paper, she goes on to commend Diablo Cody, writer of Juno for her representation of Juno, in a visual era lacking widespread representations of strong youth female characters not sexually objectified or singularly defined by their interest in romance (Willis). The way Juno is portrayed as a female character that is not overtly sexualized starts with her basic appearance. Rather than a stereotypical depiction of the female body as a sexual object, sexual desire is visibly expressed and acted upon by the girl character (Willis). The fact that Juno was the one to initiate the sexual contact with Paulie challenges the traditional beliefs of gender roles in the area of teenage sexuality. In the movie Juno, teenage pregnancy is also being displayed in the almost positive way. In other media, pregnancy is displayed showing some kind of negative effect. The way media shows any kind of issue is usually a direct reflection of social values. Angela McRobbie addresses this issue in her book Feminism and Youth Culture. The diversification of forms of media and the sophisticated [shake-up] of various categories of audience require that, while a consensual social morality might still be a political objective, the chances of it being delivered directly through the channels of the media are much less certain (McRobbie). But the question still remains, is media influencing the way we think regard teenage pregnancy, or is it a correct reflection of our changing attitudes? I believe that the media influences the way we think of any issue in this case teen pregnancy. The authors of the article Suddenly Teen Pregnancy is Cool? suggest perhaps a little of both. While they do point out all the instances of teenage pregnancy in recent years of popular culture, Movies like Knocked Up and Waitress, and celebrity moms including Nicole Richie and Jessica Alba, are part of a trend thats sweeping teen culture along with it: American Idol star Fantasia Barrino became a mom at 17, and the last season of Degressi: The Next Generation ended with Emma realizing that she might be pregnant. The media is awash in it, says David Landry, senior research associate at the Guttmacher Institute in New York, a non-profit organization focused on sexual and reproductive health (Gulli). In Conclusion, Juno decides to avoid traditional family roles and still gives her child to Vanessa, even though she and Mark are divorcing. It is not unusual to see a single working mother nowadays, especially more so now than thirty years ago. Even single working mothers are shown more frequently in the media such as in Gilmore Girls and the new show Parenthood. Through the examples of traditional family roles being challenged by Juno still giving Vanessa her baby, a positive representation of unwanted teenage pregnancy, and showing casual sex between teenagers, it is clear that the release of Juno opens the doors for TV shows such as the one mention above and changes the dominant ideology reflecting the change in social attitudes regarding teenage pregnancy and gender roles. We just need to remember like Margaret Mead once said, today our children are not brought up by parents, they are brought up by the mass media (mead).

Gatsbys Destruction :: essays research papers

Gatsby’s Destruction Gatsby’s destruction is caused by his inability to let go of a dream which cannot be realized: possessing Daisy Buchanan. He does not care so much for the person herself as the ideal she represents to him: true love and happiness. In the hopes of attracting Daisy, and in the hopes of becoming happy, Gatsby amasses a vast horde of wealth, and throws extravagant parties frequently: "At least once a fortnight a corps of caterers came down with several hundred feet of canvas and enough colored lights to make a Christmas tree of Gatsby’s enormous garden. On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors d’oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold" (page 44) Such grandeur would be more than adequate to please most people, but not Gatsby. He cannot be happy until he is with the ideal woman, in the ideal relationship. Gatsby’s greatest strengths as a character, and his greatest weaknesses, are his ambition, tenacity and discipline. At the end of the novel, we see that Gatsby has been this way since he was a child. His father comes upon one of his "resolve sheets" that he used to make. It reads: "Rise from bed..........................................6:00 A.M. Dumbbell exercise and wall scaling........6:15-6:30 Study electricity, etc..................................7:15-8:15 Work..........................................................8:30-4:30 Baseball and sports....................................4:30-5:00" (p.181) and so on. This, as Gatsby’s father says "Just goes to show you" (page181). It shows the reader that Gatsby was always destined for a lifestyle of wealth, but never destined to enjoy it. From childhood, Gatsby has been disciplined, ambitious, and tenacious. He was unwavering in his dedication to certain goals. Unfortunately, Gatsby’s ultimate goal was unattainable. Daisy comes from a family of great wealth and "old money". She is a member of an elite society of rich, snobbish people. Although she did not love her husband, she values the status and protection he provided for her. If she left Tom for Gatsby, she would lose this status and protection. Gatsby, although he is rich, is not "old rich". Because of this, he is looked down upon by members of Daisy’s class. Consequently, she would not leave her status for someone who she cared for. She thought her social obligations more important than Gatsby’s "true love". The arrogance of her class comes across as Tom talks to Gatsby, who is probably more rich than he is, but not of the older aristocratic class: " ‘She’s not leaving me.

Dicuss the Roles of the Gods and Goddesses in the Iliad and Medea

The Iliad was one of Greek literature greatest works written by the poet Homer. The Iliad is unlike other oral literature from different times. The Iliad illustrates how people are faced with death every day, but find it difficult to determine the meanings of death are why death occurred. The Iliad (Book I) The Iliad concerns itself with the rage of Achilles and how it begins to break down the Achaean army, and how the tensions were change towards the Trojans. The Trojan War had been going on for about ten years before Achilles and Agamemnon entered the quarrel. The nonexistence of Achilles from the battle only lasted a couple of days and the epic ended shortly afterwards. The way I interpreted the poem it did not describe the origin or the end of the war that frames Achilles wrath. The main focus of this poem was the rage of a mortal which is also the heading of the poem. Another focus was also was the motivation and action of the gods. Before Homer goes into great depth regarding the quarrel between Achilles and Agamemnon, he explained that he felt that Apollo was responsible for the conflict. The conflict between Agamemnon and Achilles highlights one of the strongest aspects of the ancient Greek systems. Agamemnon thought that as chief of the Achaean forces, he should receive the highest prize he was willing to upset Achilles. Both men Agamemnon and Achilles considered not embarrassing the other and decided to put their own interest before that of the people, which jeopardize the efforts of the war. The Iliad (Book XVI) This book refers to the death of Patroclus. Zeus comforts Poseidon after Hera tried to blame her for the havoc that was caused while Zeus was in a deep sleep. Zeus informed Poseidon that Hector will die after he kills Patroclus. Hector leads a charge against Achaeans after Apollo fills him and his soldiers with strength. The two armies fought almost to the Greek camps, but did reach the ships and Hector rallied the Trojans and inch by inch the Trojans advance until Hector is close enough to touch the ships. According to the books Hector stripped Achilles divine armor from Patroclus’s corpse and the fierce fight ended in partial success for the Greeks (pg 158).

Complete List of Performing Arts Colleges in California

Complete List of Performing Arts Colleges in California SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If the stage calls your name, and you are interested in pursuing a degree in one of the performing arts (theatre/dance/music) in California, this article is for you. I have compiled a comprehensive list of all of the universities and conservatory programs in California that offer performing arts degrees (Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctorate’s). How to use this article I recommend using this article as a jumping off point to do more research on which performing arts schools are right for you.If you need help with how to identify What College Should You Go To? How to Choose a College, check out our other article.Consider what you are looking for in a performing arts college: Are you looking for a conservatory? Or are you looking at a program at a four-year university with other non-art related majors? Do you want to be in a city or a small town? Do you want a big or small program? Do you want a BA, BM or BFA? MA or MFA? How much can you afford to spend? Will you get financial aid? In this article, I will list every school, location, tuition price, and degree programs offered.I am only including schools that offer Bachelor’s Degrees or higher.I have included the degrees because the schools offered varied performing arts degrees (this way you can find the school that offers the degree you want). Each school offers a slightly different curriculum for their specific performing arts degree, so I encourage you to click on the links for the major to explore the curriculum for that specific program at that school. First, here is the list of schools (scroll further down for the list of schools plus the location, tuition price, and degree information): American Academy of Dramatic Arts American Conservatory Theater California Institute of the Arts CSU, Chico CSU, Fresno CSU, Fullerton CSU, Long Beach CSU, LA CSU, Northridge CSU, Stanislaus Humboldt State University San Diego State University San Francisco State University San Jose State University Stanford University University of California, Berkeley University of California, Davis University of California, Irvine UCLA University of California, San Diego University of California, Santa Barbara University of California, Santa Cruz University of San Diego University of Southern California List of Performing Arts School in California in Alphabetical Order American Academy of Dramatic Arts Location: Los Angeles, CA Tuition: $29,900 per year Degree Programs: Associate of Occupational Studies: Two-Year Program Certificate of Advanced Studies in Acting: For Third Year, after completing Associate BA or BFA Degree: offered in conjunction with these universities St. John's University: students who complete their two-year AOS (Associate in Occupational Studies) degree may transfer up to 60 credits toward a Bachelor of Science degree in Television and Film Studies at St. John’s University. Hunter College: Students entering Hunter with an AOS degree from The Academy will receive 27 credits toward a Bachelor of Arts degree in Theatre at Hunter College. Antioch University Los Angeles: Academy students can enter Antioch with as much as half of their coursework toward a BA in Acting and Dramatic Arts degree completion. Students who complete one year at The Academy may also transfer their coursework credits of C- or better. The Academy Alumni are also eligible to participate under the terms of this agreement. Oklahoma City University: Students complete the full-time Conservatory Program at The Academy in New York City or Los Angeles and transfer to OCU in Oklahoma City for their last two years to receive a BFA in Acting. American Conservatory Theater Location: San Francisco, CA Tuition: $26,750 per year Degree Programs: MFA in Acting California Institute of the Arts Location: Valencia, CA Tuition: $43,400 per year Degree Programs: BFA in Dance MFA in Choreography BFA, MFA, DMA in Music Performer-Composer BFA and MFA in Music Composition BFA and MFA in Jazz Studies BFA and MFA in Winds BFA and MFA in Brass BFA and MFA in Percussion BFA and MFA in Guitar BFA and MFA in Harp BFA and MFA in Piano/Keyboard BFA and MFA in Strings MFA in African Music and Dance Program MFA in Balinese and Javanese Music and Dance Program MFA in North Indian Music Program MFA in World Percussion Program BFA in World Music Program BFA and MFA in Music Technology Program: Interaction, Intelligence and Design BFA in Musical Arts Program BFA and MFA in Voice Arts BFA and MFA in Acting Program MFA in Directing Program MFA in Writing for Performance Program BFA and MFA in Scene Design Program BFA and MFA in Costume Design Program BFA and MFA in Lighting Design Program BFA and MFA in Sound Design Program BFA and MFA in Technical Direction Program BFA and MFA in Management Program CSU, Chico Location: Chico, CA Tuition: $7,022 per year (an extra $382 per unit for non-California residents) Degree Programs: BA in Theatre BA in Musical Theatre BA in General Music BA in Recording Arts BA in Music Industry CSU, Fresno Location: Fresno, CA Tuition: 0-6 units per semester $4,013 per year, 6.1+ units per semester, $6,3 per year (an extra $372 per unit for non-California residents) Degree Programs: BA in Music MA in Music BA in Theatre Arts BA in Theatre Arts (Dance Option) CSU, Fullerton Location: Fullerton, CA Tuition: $6,436 per year (did not specify non-California resident cost) Degree Programs: BA in Theatre Arts BFA in Theatre Arts MFA in Theatre Arts BA in Dance MFA in Acting MFA in Musical Theatre MFA in Design Technical Production Direction CSU, Long Beach Location: Long Beach, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $5,472, Graduate $6,738 (additional per unit charge for non-California resident) Degree Programs: Bachelor of Arts in Dance Bachelor of Arts in Dance – Option in Dance Science Bachelor of Fine Arts in Dance Master of Arts in Dance Master of Fine Arts in Dance Bachelor of Arts in Theatre Arts Master of Fine Arts in Theatre Arts Information Master of Fine Arts in Theatre Arts – Option in Acting Master of Fine Arts in Theatre Arts – Option in Technical Theatre/Design Master of Fine Arts in Theatre Arts – Option in Theatre Management Master of Business Administration/Master of Fine Arts in Theatre Management Bachelor of Arts in Music Bachelor of Music – Music Education: Instrumental Music and Choral-Vocal Music Options Bachelor of Music – Option in Instrumental Music Bachelor of Music – Option in Choral-Vocal Music Bachelor of Music – Options in Performance, Composition and History Literature Information Bachelor of Music – Option in Performance Bachelor of Music – Option in Composition Bachelor of Music – Option in History and Literature Master of Arts in Music Master of Music Degree CSU, LA Location: LA, CA Tuition: $6,344 per year (Resident), $15,272 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BA in Music BA in Theatre Arts and Dance BA in Theatre Arts Option BA in Dance Option BA in Theatre Arts and Dance Minor BM in Composition Option BM in Jazz Studies Option BM in Vocal Performance Option BM in Instrumental Performance Option BM in Keyboard Performance Option BM in Music Education Option BM in Commercial Music Option BM in Credential Program MA in Music MA in Theatre Arts and Dance MFA in Acting MFA in Dramatic Writing CSU, Northridge Location: Northridge, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $5,472, Graduate $6,738 (additional per unit charge for non-California resident) Degree Programs: BA in Music Education BA in Music Industry Studies BA in Music Therapy BA in Breadth Studies in Music BM in Orchestral Strings Performance BM in Classical Guitar Performance BM in Winds Brass Performance BM in Percussion Performance BM in Keyboard Performance (piano and organ) BM in Vocal Arts BM in Composition BM in Commercial and Media Writing BM in Jazz Studies MA in Music Industry Administration MM in Composition MM in Conducting (choral or instrumental) MM in Collaborative Piano MM in Instrumental MM in Organ MM in Piano MM in Voice DMA BA and MA in Theatre CSU, Stanislaus Location: Stanislaus, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $6,704, Graduate $7,970 (most likely more for non-California residents, although the website did not say) Degree Programs: BM in Music Education - Choral BM in Music Education - Instrumental BM in Instrumental Performance BM in Jazz Performance BM in Piano Performance BM in Vocal Performance BM in Composition BA in General Music BA in Music Technology BA in Theatre Humboldt State University Location: Arcata, CA Tuition: $7,152 per year Degree Programs: BA in Composition Option BA in Education Option BA in Music Studies Option BA in Performance – Instrumental Emphasis BA in Performance – Guitar Emphasis BA in Performance – Piano Emphasis BA in Performance – Vocal Emphasis BA in Theatre Arts San Diego State University Location: San Diego, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $6,976 per year (Resident), $,160 per year (non-California Resident), Graduate $8,242 per year (Resident), $13,822 per year (non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BFA in Dance BFA in Dance (BFA) BA in Dance (BA) BM in Composition BM in Jazz Studies BM in Music Education BM in Performance BM in Professional Studies BM in Professional Studies: Music Entrepreneurship and Business BM in Professional Studies: Music Recording Technology and Audio Design Bachelor of Arts in Music MA in Ethnomusicology (currently not accepting applications) MA in Musicology (currently not accepting applications) MA in Music Theory (currently not accepting applications) MA in Piano Pedagogy (currently not accepting applications) MM in Performance MM in Composition MM in Conducting MM in Jazz Studies BA in Theatre Arts MA in Theatre MFA In Design and Technical Theatre MFA In Musical Theatre San Francisco State University Location: San Francisco, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $6,476 per year (Resident), Graduate $7,742 per year (Resident) (an extra $372 per unit for non-California residents) Degree Programs: BM Music BA in Music MA in Music MM Music BA in Dance BA in Drama MA in Drama MFA in Theatre Arts San Jose State University Location: San Jose, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $7,378 per year, Graduate per year $8,644 (an extra $372 per unit for non-California residents) Degree Programs: BA in Music BM in Bachelor of Music, Concentration in Composition BM in Bachelor of Music, Concentration in Performance BM in Bachelor of Music, Concentration in Music Education BA in Creative Arts (Interdepartmental) BA in Dance BFA in Dance MA in Music BA in Theatre Arts BA in Theatre Arts, Preparation for Teaching MA in Theatre Arts Stanford University Location: Stanford, CA Tuition: Undergraduate and Graduate $45,729 per year Degree Programs: BA in Theatre Performance Studies Ph.D. in Theatre Performance Studies BA in Music MA in Music, Science and Technology Ph.D.Musicology Ph.D.Computer-Based Music Theory and Acoustics DMA University of California, Berkeley Location: Berkeley, CA Tuition: Undergraduates and Graduates $13,432 per year (Resident), Non-California Resident Undergraduates $38,140 per year, Non-California Resident Graduates $28,534 per year Degree Programs: BA Music MA/Ph.D. or Ph.D. in composition and scholarship BA Theatre Performance Studies BA Dance Performance Studies MA/Ph.D. in Performance Studies University of California, Davis Location: Davis, CA Tuition: $13,951 per year (Resident), $38,659 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BA in Theatre Dance BA in Music Ph.D. in Musicology Ph.D. in Ethnomusicology MA in Conducting Ph.D. in Composition and Theory MA/Ph.D. in Performance Studies MFA in Dramatic Art University of California, Irvine Location: Irvine, CA Tuition: Undergraduate and Graduate $,220.00 per year (Resident) Non-California Resident Undergraduates $35,928 per year, Non-California Resident Graduates $26,322 per year Degree Programs: B.A. Dance B.F.A. Choreography B.F.A. Performance B.A. Drama B.F.A. Music Theatre B.A. Music B.Mus. Performance M.F.A. in Dance M.F.A. in Drama, with emphasis in Acting, Directing, Design or Stage Management Ph.D. in Drama and Theatre M.F.A. in Music with emphasis in Collaborative Piano, Guitar/Lute Performance, Instrumental Performance, Piano Performance, Vocal Arts, Integrated Composition, Improvisation and Technology (ICIT), or Musicology M.A./Ph.D. in Integrated Composition, Improvisation, and Technology (ICIT) UCLA Location: Los Angeles, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $13,251 per year (Resident), $37,959 per year (Non-California Resident), Graduate approximately $15,900 per year (Resident - varies by program), approximately $31,000 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BA in Theater BA in Music MM and DMA in Performance and Conducting MA and Ph.D. in Composition MFA in Acting MFA in Design for Theatre and Entertainment Media MA in Theatre Ph.D. in Theater and Performance Studies University of California, San Diego Location: San Diego, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $13,557 per year (Resident), $38,265 per year (Non-California Resident), Graduate approximately $16,435 per year (Resident - varies by program), approximately $31,537 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BA in Music BA in Music Humanities BA in ICAM (Interdisciplinary Computing and the Arts - Music) BA Theatre BA Dance BA Theatre Dance MFA in Acting MFA in Dance Theatre MFA in Design MFA in Directing MFA in Stage Management Ph.D. in Theatre and Drama MA in Music Ph.D. in Music DMA University of California, Santa Barbara Location: Santa Barbara, CA Tuition: Undergraduate and Graduate $12,240 per year (Resident), $36,948 per year (Non-California Resident), Graduate $27,342 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: BA in Theater BA in Dance BFA in Acting BFA in Dance Ph.D. in Theater Studies MA in Theater Studies BA in Music Studies BM in Keyboard BM in Strings BM in Woodwinds BM in Voice BM in Brass BM in Percussion MA and Ph.D. in Composition, Ethnomusicology, Musicology, and Theory. MM and DMA in Conducting, Keyboard, Piano Accompanying, Strings, Voice, and Woodwinds, Brass and Percussion. University of California, Santa Cruz Location: Santa Cruz, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $13,461 per year (Resident), $38,169 per year (Non-California Resident), Graduate $13,308 per year (Resident - varies by program), approximately $28,410 per year (Non-California Resident) Degree Programs: Music: M.A., D.M.A., Ph.D. Theater Arts: M.A. BA or BM in Music BA in Theater Arts University of San Diego Location: San Diego, CA Tuition: Undergraduate $44,000 per year, Graduate (varies by program, charged per unit) Degree Programs: BA in Music BA in Theatre Arts and Performance Studies MFA in Dramatic Arts University of Southern California Location: Los Angeles, CA Tuition: $49,464 per year Degree Programs: BFA in Dance BA in Theatre BFA in Acting BFA in Design BFA in Sound Design BFA in Stage Management BFA in Technical Direction BA in Visual Performing Arts MFA in Acting MFA in Dramatic Writing BA in Choral Music MM in Choral Music MM in Sacred Music DMA in Choral Music DMA in Sacred Music BA in Music (Guitar) BM in Performance (Guitar) MM in Performance (Guitar) GCRT Performance (Guitar) DMA in Performance (Guitar) BM in Composition MM in Composition DMA in Composition MM Keyboard Performance DMA in Keyboard Performance BA Music – Piano BM in Piano Performance MM in Piano Performance DMA in Piano Performance BA in Organ Music BM in Performance MM in Performance DMA in Performance BA in Strings Music BM in Double Bass Performance BM in Harp Performance BM in Violin, Viola and Cello Performance MM in Strings Performance DMA in Strings Performance BA in Vocal Arts Music BM in Vocal Performance MM in Vocal Performance DMA in Vocal Performance BA in Winds and Percussion Music BM in Winds and Percussion Performance MM in Winds and Percussion Performance DMA in Winds and Percussion Performance BA in Jazz Studies Bachelor of Arts BM in Jazz Studies MM in Jazz Studies DMA in Jazz Studies Performance BA in Popular Music Performance MM in Studio Jazz Guitar Performance DMA in Studio Jazz Guitar Performance MA in Early Music Performance DMA in Performance in Early Music Performance Ph.D. in Musicology What’s next? Learn more about acing the SAT and ACT to help you get into a performing arts college: 15 ACT Tips and Tricks to Improve Your Score 15 SAT Tips to Improve Your SAT Score Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

History of Computers essays

History of Computers essays Computers are such an integral part of our society that it is sometimes difficult to Imagine life without them. However, computers as we know them are relatively new devices. In fact, the first electronic computers were built just over fifty years ago. Since that time, the technology has advanced at an astounding rate, with the capacity and speed of computers approximately doubling every two years. Today, pocket calculators have many times the memory capacity and processing power of the mammoth computers of the 50's and 60's. The abacus, which emerged about 5,000 years ago in Asia is still in use today, may be considered the first computer. This device allows users to make computations using a system of sliding beads arranged on a rack. In 1642, Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), the 18-year-old son of a French tax collector, invented what he called a numerical wheel calculator to help his father with his duties. The history of computers can be divided into generations, roughly defined by technological advances, which led to improvements in design, efficiency, and ease of use. First Generation Computers (1945-1956)- As the Second World War was about to start, governments sought to develop computers to exploit their potential strategic importance and to help them develop new computerized weapons and new technology. This increased funding for computer development projects. Second Generation Computers (1956-1963) - In 1948, transistors were developed which greatly changed the development of computers. The transistor replaced the large, cumbersome vacuum tube in televisions, radios and computers. As a result, the size of electronic machinery has been shrinking ever since resulting in the creation of new small computers with new transistors and new technology. Third Generation Computers (1964-1971) - Though transistors were clearly an improvement over the vacuum tube, they still generated a great deal of heat, wh ...

Reflect on learning activities becoming a registered nurse Essay

Reflect on learning activities becoming a registered nurse - Essay Example In order to get involved with such a practice, usually an employment request is sent to such hospitals. These employment requests contain a letter and Curriculum Vitae. Curriculum Vitae or CV is basically a summary of your academic and work history. However it is developed as a personal sales brochure which is carefully written and presented to ensure you have the best possible chance of getting the job you want. A CV is often all a prospective employer has to judge you and call for an interview which is the final step to employment. [3] Focusing on the specialization is extremely important. For example after becoming a registered nurse, you further specialize in midwifery area so it is very important to update your CV with this additional qualification. Furthermore employers are likely to be impressed if you have a membership of a professional association. Therefore it is recommended that you join at least one association e.g. NMC, RCM, RCN, MDU. Apart from this the most important area you should concentrate is to be active in your field and learn any new developments. You must update your CV using current buzz words that are specific to your field and updates should occur after a month adding any new duties, responsibilities and skills learnt. [1] [3] [5] To increase your credibility, ensure that you include at least two references from past and present employers. And following my experience, make sure that you never criticize your past employers as all your credibility of work and skills will be lost in a jiffy. All in all the employer will look at the neatness and attractiveness of your CV so make it as presentable as possible taking advice from senior and experienced people during the process of making a CV. [1] [4] Nurses play a key role as a part of a multi-disciplinary team and, as such, you will need to

Reading the American past Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Reading the American past - Essay Example An analysis of Lincoln’s speech concerning the controversial Kansas-Nebraska act and the antislavery constitution by Frederick Douglass will highlight the views of proslavery and antislavery. In 1854, Lincoln gave his reaction to the opinion of Douglass who had introduced the Kansas-Nebraska act (Johnson 266-267). Abraham Lincoln presented his speech at Peoria. The bill drafted by Douglass, the Illinois senator sought to discredit the Missouri compromise. The bill sparked a heated controversy in the house. After Douglass had expressed his views for three hours, it was time for Lincoln to respond. Lincoln’s speech traced all the preceding events that contributed to the debate that they were handling. He presented an account of the Missouri compromise and its implications to Nebraska. He mentioned that Nebraska had belonged to the region defined in the Missouri compromise and any inhabitants occupying the regions could not practice slavery. He then detailed the ways in which Douglass’s suggestions in the Kansas-Nebraska bill affected the Missouri compromise. He mentioned that the bill allowed inhabitants of the Nebraska region to practice slavery if they deem ed it right to do so. This suggestion by Douglass contradicted with the Missouri compromise. In addition, Lincoln highlighted Douglass’s expansion plans of splitting the controversial regions and introducing Kansas as new territory. After outlining a brief history of the issue, Lincoln progressed to present his anti-slavery views. According to him, the Negroes were equally human and deserved a fair chance in the government as well (268). He objected Douglass’s views that only the whites had a right to form the government. He detailed the evils of slavery inn different states and made his antislavery message to Douglass and the audience very clear. His speech presents the reader with an opportunity to delve deeper into the issues defining slavery in the American

Management Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Management Principles - Essay Example All managers are accountable for performing the four management functions namely, planning, organizing, leading and controlling work (Schermerhorn, 16). While planning involves objective and goal setting as well as designing methods or procedures to achieve the goals, organizing functions involve arranging tasks, people and other resources to achieve these goals. In order to achieve goals through people and by the use of available resources, managers must be able to effectively inspire their workforce in the right manner. All activities performed by the workforce need to be constantly monitored in order to ensure the tasks are being performed in the right manner. Moreover, managers need to monitor other resources for optimum output and for achieving the targeted performance. These core functions require specific skills and competencies, which managers need to learn by adopting specific behaviors and learning skills related to technical, human and interpersonal, concept and analytic a spects (Schermerhorn, 21-23). Management is greatly influenced by a variety of external and internal factors. External environmental factors that can impact organizational processes include competition, innovative products/services, governmental regulations etc.

Key Success Factors Essay Example for Free

Key Success Factors Essay Number of Rivals Wal-Mart’s primary competitors were Kmart and Target. Wal-Mart also competed against category retailers like Best Buy and Circuit City in electronics, Toy â€Å"R† Us in toys, Kohl’s and Goody’s in apparel; and Bed, Bath, and Beyond in household goods. It also competed against warehouse club segment like Costco Wholesale, Sam’s Clubs and BJ’s Wholesale Club. Internationally, Wal-Mart‘s biggest competitor was Carrefour. Scope of RivalryWal-Mart operates nationally, but its principal interests are in the urban centers of United States. Internationally, its interests are mainly in Mexico, Japan, United Kingdom, Brazil, Canada and China. Number of BuyersAs a discounted retailer, Wal-Mart’s customer base is the consumer making individual purchases, and is therefore fragmented and with no appreciable power. Degree of Product DifferentiationThe product is wide product selection and a mix of both name-brand and private-label merchandise, and therefore, a commodity with some minor differentiation available on price, selection and quality. However, Wal-Mart had successfully pursued a low-cost leadership strategy which could provide everyday low prices for their customers Product InnovationWal-Mart provides multiple store formats to attract and satisfy customers’ needs: Wal-Mart discount stores, Supercenters, Neighborhood Markets, and Sam’s Clubs. Wal-Mart should expect it to become a common feature as rivals attempt to copy their success. Supply/Demand ConditionsWal-Mart was the biggest customer of virtually all of its 66,000 suppliers. It allowed it to bargain power with suppliers and get their bottom prices. In 1992 Wal-Mart began establishing standards for its suppliers. Pace of Technological ChangeMore sophisticated means of managing the supply chain, to include EPC/RFID systems mentioned in the case, suggest that new means of reducing costs are presenting opportunities for retailers to obtain an advantage over one another. Vertical IntegrationThe presence of suppliers indicates that the industry is not perfectly integrated. However, Wal-Mart and its competitor each maintain extensive warehousing and transportation assets, suggesting that there is a considerable degree of integration in the industry. Economies of ScaleGiven that the product is a commodity provided by suppliers, economies of scale would be essential in this industry.

The Economic Globalization

The Economic Globalization The economic globalization in terms of international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI) and outsourcing has gained more significance these days due to market liberalization and technological improvement. In this essay, we reveal on the possible effect of economic globalization on Nestle. The emphasis is on whether Nestls internationalization strategy fit in to the observation that we are living in a globalize world in which differences and distances across countries no longer matter. Introduction: The company that we chose for our assignment is Nestle which is one of the worlds biggest global food and nutrition corporations; it has more than five hundred factories in more than eighty countries, and vends its products in more than hundred and ninety nations. Nestle is one of the oldest multinational corporation which was originated in 1866 in Switzerland by Heinrich Nestle. The Nestle firm from its very initial days, looked to different countries for development opportunities and Nestle started its global business by setting up its foremost foreign offices in London in 1868. The Nestle got merged in 1905 with Anglo Swiss Milk Corporation to extend the companys product line and by the late 1990s the Nestle Company had more than five hundred factories in different countries almost operating its business in each country of the globe. There are certain corporate business principles that Nestle follow in all the countries in which it operates its business activities, taking into account local legislations, cultural and religious practices of each country. These principles are: 1. Nestls basic intend is to enhance the quality of consumers everyday lives by offering tastier, healthier and hygienic food and beverage choices that encourages a healthy lifestyle. 2. Secondly Nestle gives quality assurance and product safety all over in the world as well as the company name Nestle basically symbolizes a guarantee to the consumer that the product is harmless and high of standards. 3. Nestle also make sure that they are committed to accountable and trustworthy consumer communication that gives power to consumers to use their rights and give any kind of feedback about their products. 4. Nestle also feels that they are highly committed to do their business practices in such a way that are environmentally sustainable like at all phases of the product life cycle they make sure that they use natural resources efficiently. 5. Last but not the least Nestle is highly committed to the sustainable use of water and tries to improve constantly in water management as the whole world facing a mounting challenges of water and for this Nestle convey messages to all people to use water as a complete necessity. The word globalization usually refers to the opening of international borders to trade, information and technology and the foreign direct investment (FDI). Globalization has caused remarkable changes to the business practices around the world. Nestle outsource professionals from different parts of the globe, causing job shifts and changes in company structures. Nestle believes that expanding business internationally guides to voluntary exchange of capital and employees as well as goods and services, which in turn provides overall universal growth. On the other hand the detractors of globalization argue that more might be done to help out people in poor countries attain the living standards of those in richer countries. Nestle follows a decentralization and all the responsibilities of operating decisions is pressed down to local units, which typically enjoy a high extent of independence with regard to decisions relating to pricing, distribution, marketing, human resource etc. Nestle can be called as a regional organization because the company divides the globe into five major geographical zones Europe, North America and Asia that are responsible to develop regional strategies, as Nestle operates in more than eighty countries it is a wise decision of dividing a globe into geographical zones so every zone would easily look after that every country follows developed regional strategies and maintain same quality standards throughout the world. There are certain effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the home country of the company. Within the host countries multinational firms like Nestle almost always pay higher salaries than the locally owned firms the main reason behind this is their presence usually increase the pay level in the host countries. These multinationals usually have higher productivity than local firms. The major role of FDI is to support the growth of host country exports and associations to outside the world and also the conversion of host economies from being exporters of food to relative high technology manufacturers. Nestls impact of FDI is the great knowledge of world markets and of different ways of fitting into international production networks. Technology: A multinational company like Nestle can attain technology infrastructure investments, along with improved business aptitude and good control over worldwide operations with a single global instance of its activity resource planning system, but the essential combination of databases and application servers can be technically and managerially difficult. Nestle uses web based technology to administer worldwide transportation. The Nestle Research Center is the focus of global research area, internally, with best scientists from all over the world and outwardly, in collaborations with key international research universities. The basic role of Nestle Research Center is essential in helping the company to fulfill its vision of GOOD FOOD FOR GOOD LIFE. The entire network of Research and Development and the Nestle Research Center carry out timely research on nutrition, health and wellness issues, and therefore using research findings to produce new product ideas keeping in mind consumer health and wellness needs. The research ideas from Nestle Research Center are transformed into product applications and processes through Nestls international network of Product Technology Centers and Research and Development. The Product and Technology Center exist for each specific product category that includes Dairy, Beverages, Chocolate and Coffee, Biscuits, Ice cream, Pet care and food services. The Product Technology Centers also gives plan for product innovation and packaging. The global network of Product Technology Centers and Research and Development works closely with Nestle Research Center as well as with nestle Strategic Business Units to provide scientific support for the entire nestle product range and the outcome is the Nestle products are tasty, healthy, conveniently available. Nestle believes that the Nestle Research center is a basis of Nestls international success in promising safe and high quality products. With the advance technologies and scientific expertise Nestle carefully analyze their raw materials and finished products and assure that they provide safe and healthy product to all consumers in every part of the world and also believes that it is their responsibility to protect consumers and maintain their trust in Nestls products and brand. It is important for any company to upgrade its technology time to time to maintain a competitive within in the industry. Nestle just in five years from nineteen ninety four to nineteen ninety nine spent approximately five hundred and seventy five million dollars to seven hundred and fifty million dollars a year on its information system. These costs were mounting when the company was facing a loss. Geography and Distance: As a multinational company Nestle operates in more than eighty countries with more than two hundred and sixty five thousand employees. Although Nestle is a Swiss company but generates only two percent or even less than two percent of their sales in Switzerland which is a home country of Nestle. Nestle always believes in decentralization and also believes that it is beneficial for any company to think globally and act locally. The people of Nestle believe that in spite of globalization the food business remains a local business which is based on local cultures, tastes and habits. This thinking of Nestle helped a lot in making a Nestle so renowned and successful all over the world. Therefore well get a different taste of Nestle products in each of the countries where Nestle sell its products. Nestle may be recognized for its chocolates, coffee, pure water, milk and infant formula, but it is a lot more multifaceted and large than that, it is the worlds biggest food company with almost seventy billion dollars in annual sales. Nestle operates five hundred factories in some two hundred nations including those places as well that are not part of the United Nations yet. Nestle earn more sales by selling small items like Kit Kat chocolate which is the largest selling chocolate bar internationally. As we have just described above that every country has its own tastes and habits so for Nestle nothing is simple as it operates in more than eighty countries. The coffee Nescafe which is a global brand and more than hundred billion cups of it consumed each year in different countries and for just one product Nescafe the Nestle Company has two hundred formulations, to go with local tastes. In all the Nestle corporation produces almost hundred and twenty seven thousand different varieties and ranges of products. Brabeck , a chief executive officer (CEO) of Nestle since nineteen ninety seven, wanted to maintain some discipline in terms of how the company is operating the businesses throughout the world that sustain marketing of its enormous range of brands, products and factories. For Nestle operating business maintain same quality standards in so many different countries with enormous range of products is very difficult and also to keep control of its thousand of supply chains with respect to each country and each product variety, along with that predicting demand for different products in different countries and the uncountable different of ways of charging customers and collecting payments is more difficult. Home and Foreign Government Policies: Administration control is a serious issue for multinational corporations that operate in international markets (Geringer and Hebert, 1989; Groot and Merchant, 2000). On hand indication suggest that multinational firms like Nestle transfers their managerial practices from their country of origin which is also called home country to the country of operations which can be called a host country (Child et al, 2000). Firms operating in more than one country like Nestle go through pressures to incorporate their international business. Nestle incorporate their business internationally through methods of standardization that could attain either on the basis of home practices or any best global practices. The degree to which the host country affects multinationals like Nestle depends on two factors the first one is the institutional distance between the home country and the host country. The more the institutional difference among the host and the home country the easier it is to identify the host country effect. Secondly the power of national institutional law is important. Nestle or any other multinational corporations are under more pressure to meet the terms in more strongly regulated business systems than in weaker institutional system environments. There are certain government incentives as well like economic, financing and other incentives that play an important role in attracting multinational investments. These government incentive policies are usually joint with performance necessities, for instance increase in exports, technology advancement, innovation enhancement and environmental friendliness. If multinational corporations investments meet all these government necessities they would be able to get special treatment. Conclusion: As Nestle is a principle based company it believes that by creating shared value is how they do business, which states that in order to create long term value and maintain a good relationship with consumers they have to create value for society. All the strategies that Nestle follows from product development to the delivery of products to their consumers clarifies that we are living in a globalize word in which differences across the countries no longer matter. If we talk about the products that Nestle offers like chocolate, coffee, biscuits, drinking water, and milk etc, everybody in the whole world consume all of these products. So if everybody is consuming same kind of products with just little differences in terms of taste verifies that we are living in a globalize world where the distances and differences no longer matter. Nestle is one the most successful company who caters more than 192 nations of the world and maintains the same quality standards of its brands and products th roughout the world.

Analysis of Pearl Harbor the Movie Essay -- Jerry Bruckheimer Film

Pearl Harbor The movie Pearl Harbor directed and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer was released in 2001. This highly praised movie allows the audience to carefully watch a movie that is based on a day that started the United States' involvement in World War II. The movie begins with a two boys, Danny Walker and Rafe McCawley, who have grown up hoping to become involved in the United States military and slowly changes to the life, excitement, and hardships of being involved in the war. Rafe is one of the best fighter pilots in the regiment and falls in love with a beautiful nurse, Lt. Evelyn Johnson. As the United States tries to help the British, Rafe volunteers to go to London. After several months he supposedly dies when shot down by a German aircraft. This devastating news is told to Lt. Evelyn Johnson by Danny Walker who is still trying to deal with the situation. A few months went by and Lt. Evelyn Johnson and Danny Walker fall in love. Being alone during a time of war was not an idea l situation, one that all military men and women hated. They found themselves to be compatible and in love. They enjoyed their relationship together until news is delivered to Danny that Rafe is still alive. During all this time United States avoids involvement would in the war because they felt that their involvement would not have an impact. The relationship with Danny and Evelyn progresses and so did the war. It is on December 7, 1941 when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. In the movie Pearl Harbor, Bruckheimer attempts to describe what happened on Sunday December 7, 1941 as accurately as possible. However, no matter how hard Bruckheimer tries to present this event historically it will be unclear because it is used primarily ... ...roximity, and pre-judgments. Why did he/she create the movie or book? Where did he/she find his/her resources? How did he/she gain his/her knowledge? However once a person learns how to analyze this they will be able to become more objective when thinking about history. Bibliography Arthur, Max. Forgotten Voices of World War II. Great Britain: Ebury Press, 2004. Bard, Mitchell. The Complete Idiots Guide to: World War II. New York: Alpha Books, 2004 Burlingame, Burl. Advance Force, Pearl Harbor. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1992. Mullener, Elizabeth. WAR STORIES, remembering World War II. New York: Berkley, 2002. Nash, Gary, and others. American Odyssey. Multimedia edition. New York: 1997 Pearl Harbor. Director Jerry Bruckheimer. Touchstone Studios, 2001. Willmott, H.P. Pearl Harbor. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2001.

Embedding and Extracting of Secret Data

BLOCK DIAGRAM 3.1 TRANSMITTER Section In Transmitter subdivision there are 3 parts: com/aaimagestore/essays/1863648.001.png"/> Figure 1 The block diagram Transmitter subdivision In Transmitter subdivision there are 3 parts:Input screen ImagesEncoder subdivisionOutput Stego ImageThe screen image used for the proposed strategy to be taken as an input Original screen Image which is used for implanting secret informations in it. Encoder unit is composed of Generation map and secret keys. Encoder determines whether it is smooth country or edged country depending upon the threshold value. In smooth country little figure of spots implanting compared to inch country. Finally at the sender subdivision Stego image is generated which is a combination of secret keys and screen images. 3.2 RECEIVER Section Figure 2 The block diagram Receiver subdivision In Receiver subdivision there are 3 parts:Input Stego ImagesDecoder subdivisionOutput Cover ImageThe Stego Image is taken as an input to the receiver side. The Stego image is decoded right by utilizing secret keys and coevals map to obtain the screen image. The secret keys used in both the sender and receiver side are same. Pixels in the border countries are embedded by Q-bit of secret informations with a larger value of Q than that of pels placed in smooth countries. Chapter 4 PROJECT METHODOLOGY 4.1The proposed adaptative strategy There are five secret keys viz. R1, R2, v1, v2, T and 1 6 v1, 1 6 v2, ( v1 + v2 ) & lt ; 6. The mean different values of a four-pixel block are utilized to sort the block as a smooth country or an edge country. The scope of mean different value is partitioned into two different degrees, smooth degree and border degree. Q-bit of the secret information is embedded in Pixels located in the block, where Q is decided by the degree in which the norm different values belong to. In the implanting procedure of secret informations, harmonizing to the secret keys v1 and v2, the smooth degree will utilize lower value v1 while the border degree uses greater value v1 + v2. The information embedding procedure is given in Section 2.1.1 and the extracting stage is described in Section 2.1.2. 2.1.1. The implanting stage in proposed adaptative method The original image is separated into non- overlapping four-pixel blocks. For each block, there are four neighboring pels ‘Pi, j’ ; ‘Pi, j+1’ ; ‘Pi+1, j’ ; ’ Pi+1, j+1’ and their corresponding grey values are y0, y1, y2, y3, severally. The undermentioned flow chart shows elaborate working of implanting stage in proposed adaptative strategy The elaborate embedding stairss are as follows. Measure 1: Generate Two sets Kr and Kc utilizing threshold Hr ( R1, v1 ) and Hc ( R2, v2 ) , severally. Via sets Kr and Kc form a discrepancy of a Cartesian merchandise viz. , Kr _ Kc. Set Kr _ Kc generates an ordered set of combinations of Kr and Kc with 2v1 †¢ 2v2 = 2v1+v2 elements ( Eq. ( 1 ) ) . Kr*Kc = { Kria†Ã¢â‚¬Å¡a†Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Kcja†Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ , Kri ˆ Kr, Kcj ˆ Kc, i=1,2,3†¦ .} =1, 2, 3†¦ ...†¦ ( 1 ) Measure 2: Calculate the mean difference value D, Which is determined by †¦ . ( 2 ) Where ymin is ymin=min { y0, y1, y2, y3 } Measure 3: Using Threshold T and D find smooth block, Edge block and mistake block. i.e. a ) If D & lt ; =T, D belongs to Smooth block. B ) If D & gt ; T, D belongs to Edge block. degree Celsius ) If D & lt ; =T and ( ymax- ymin ) & gt ; 2*T+2, D belongs to Error block. Measure 4: Repeat measure 3 for full image Measure 5: Capacity= ( ( border block* ( v1+v2 ) ) + smooth block*v1 ) ) *4 Measure 6: For smooth block obtain I utilizing Kr & A ; Secret informations and find‘d’ . For border block: – d=? ( i-1 ) +j†¦ . ( 3 ) For smooth block: – d= I†¦ .. ( 4 ) Measure 7: Create pel group utilizing ‘n=2^Q’ . degree Fahrenheit ( Lolo ) =yi mod n+1 †¦ . ( 5 ) Measure 8: Using pel group embed the Secrets spots Measure 9: If No Of Secret Data=Capacity, travel to step 10 else measure 6. Measure 10: Apply mistake cut downing process for minimising perceptual deformation between screen & A ; stego image. Example: – Assume we have a block part with 4 neighboring pel values ( 210, 237, 198, and 183 ) , and the secret information informations for implanting in original image are ‘10010101110000111010’ . Suppose v1 = 2, v2 = 3, R1 = 257, R2 = 36 and T = 25. Here first coevals map Kr= { 000,100,010,011,001,110,101,111 } is created by utilizing Hr ( R1, V1 ) i.e. Hr ( 257,2 ) and 2nd coevals map Kc = { 01,11,10,00 } is generated by utilizing Hc ( R2, V2 ) i.e. Hc ( 36,3 ) , after that by utilizing equation ( 2 ) calculate the mean different value ‘D’ = ( 96/3 ) =32 which is greater than threshold value T, so the present block has been positioned in border country and is embedded Q = 5 Numberss of spots of secret informations in each peculiar pel. Hence, sum entire 4 * 5 = 20 spots are embedded in given block. Here for first pel into the block, e.g. y0 = 210, the initial part of secret informations ’10010’ is split into the two sub-strings ‘100’ and ‘10’ . Then, we get one = 2 and j = 3 because the 6th constituent of Kr is ‘100’ and 4th constituent of Kc is ‘10’ . Harmonizing to equation ( 3 ) , we compute‘d’ utilizing 8 * ( 2–1 ) +3 = 11. After that, the pel group ‘G’ is formed for the pel value y0 = 210 with n == 32. Here g 19= 210. Finally, the stego-pixel y`0 can be achieve from the dth component of G, i.e. y`0 = g24 = 202. Likewise we can happen leftover stego-pixel y`1 = 249, y`2 = 201, y`3 = 185 and therefore stego-block ( 202,249,201,185 ) is achieved. After using readjusts process we get concluding stego-block ( 202, 241, 201, and 185 ) . 2.1.2The pull outing stage in proposed adaptative strategy Like the implanting procedure, Partition the stego-image into four-pixel blocks. The undermentioned flow chart for pull outing informations from stego image in proposed adaptative strategy explains elaborate working flow The undermentioned stairss are executed to pull out the secret information. Measure 1: Input signal Stego Image, Secret keys R1, R2, v1, v2, T Step2: Generate Kr & A ; Kc Using R1, R2, v1, v2 Step3: Initialize i=0 & A ; j=0 Measure 4: if I & lt ; =M & A ; j & lt ; =N, travel to step 5 else halt. Measure 5: Calculate Average Diff ‘D’ utilizing combining weight. ( 2 ) Measure 6: Exploitation Threshold ‘T’ and ‘D’ find smooth block, Edge block and mistake block. i.e. a ) If D & lt ; =T, D belongs to Smooth block. B ) If D & gt ; T, D belongs to Edge block. degree Celsius ) If D & lt ; =T and ( ymax-ymin ) & gt ; 2*T+2, D belongs to Error block. Measure 7: Create pel group utilizing n=2^Q and degree Fahrenheit ( Lolo ) =yi mod n+1 Measure 8: Determine place information‘d’ . Measure 9: From‘d’ extract secret informations. Example For case, we extract the implanting illustration ( 151, 88, 193, and 133 ) , which is shown in the before subdivision. Assume v1 = 2, v2 = 3, R1 = 257, R2 = 36 and T = 25. The coevals map Kr = { 001, 110,101,010,111,100,011,000 } is formed by utilizing Hr ( R1, V1 ) i.e. Hr ( 257,2 ) and Kc = { 00,10,11,01 } by utilizing Hc ( R2, V2 ) i.e. ( 36,3 ) are produced. Here D & gt ; T, hence this block is placed in edge country and hence Q = v1 + v2 = 3 + 2 = 5 spots have embedded into each Pixel in the block. In present block sum, 4 †¢ 5 = 20 spots are embedded. Let us see 3rd pel into the block ( e.g. y â€Å" 2 = 202 ) . The pel group G is created for value 202 via Eq. ( 5 ) With n = 32. We create the variant Cartesian merchandise Kr _ Kc, which is value 202 with n = 22+3= 32. The place of stego-pixel 202 in G is 1, because vitamin D = ( 202 mod 32 ) + 1 = 3. The piece of binary secret informations ‘00001’ can be extracted because ‘00001’ is the 3rd constituent of Kr _ Kc. In the same manner, has extracted the secret information subdivision ‘10010’ for Yâ€Å"0, ‘10111’ for Yâ€Å"1and ‘11010’ for Yâ€Å"3. Finally we achieve ‘10010101110000111010’ which is the similar secret information informations in the implanting illustration of before subdivision.

Does Tv Have Negative Effect On Society

TV corrupts our children. Jerome Singer once said, â€Å"If you came and saw a strange man teaching your kids to punch each other, or trying to sell them all kind of products, you’d kick him right out of the house, but here you are; you come in and the TV is on, and you don’t think twice about it. † He is correct; entertainment television is an especially bad influence on children for many reasons, including not enough control on violence.These things are quite literally ruining America by corrupting our next generation’s leaders, our children. This year, more American children will die from a fired gun than from children who will die of asthma, pneumonia, influenza, cancer, and AIDS combined. What does this have to do with TV? Multiple studies have come to the conclusion that youth who are avid TV watchers become aggressive adults.A study from the University of Michigan showed that children who watched violent TV were more inclined to show violent tendenc ies as adults. According to that study, â€Å"†¦men who were high TV-violence viewers as children were significantly more likely to have pushed, grabbed or shoved their spouses, to have responded to an insult by shoving a person, to have been convicted of a crime and to have committed a moving traffic violation. Such men, for example, had been convicted of crimes at over three times the rate of other men.†It also stated that, â€Å"Women who were high TV-violence viewers as children were more likely to have thrown something at their spouses, to have responded to someone who made them mad by shoving, punching, beating or choking the person, to have committed some type of criminal act, and to have committed a moving traffic violation. Such women, for example, reported having punched, beaten or choked another adult at over four times the rate of other women. † The study also reported that the said violence was glorified by being black and white.The â€Å"good guysâ €  were okay to shoot the â€Å"bad guys,† resulting in a happy ending. This leads to children trying to be the good guys, by resulting in violence instead of working or talking the problem out. Another problem is that the â€Å"bad guys† have little to no back-story, with usually nothing more than a nickname to identify them with. Most of these problems base off the fact that children under 8 cannot tell the difference between fantasy and reality.Which covers another topic not censored enough. In conclusion, television is a sinister vehicle for bad habits of all sorts. How can you prevent this from happening to you and your families? The answer is simple: limit TV time to two hours a day. One might be reluctant to do so, but look what the old telly can and will do to America. As Nicholas Johnson said, â€Å"All television is educational television. The question is: what is it teaching? † .